Childhood maltreatment in Caspi et al [2003]

Assessed childhood maltreatment

• Observed Mother-child interactions age 3 ("rejecting")
• Harsh discipline ages 7-9 (upper decile of "smack or hit")
• Change of primary caregiver age 0-10 (2 or more changes)
• Recalled (age 26) physical child abuse
• Recalled (age 26) unwanted sexual contact
• No association with genotype