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| PMID |
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| TITLE |
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| Discovery of 42 genome-wide significant loci associated with dyslexia. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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| Reading and writing are crucial life skills but roughly one in ten children are affected by dyslexia, which can persist into adulthood. Family studies of dyslexia suggest heritability up to 70%, yet few convincing genetic markers have been found. Here we performed a genome-wide association study of 51,800 adults self-reporting a dyslexia diagnosis and 1,087,070 controls and identified 42 independent genome-wide significant loci: 15 in genes linked to cognitive ability/educational attainment, and 27 new and potentially more specific to dyslexia. We validated 23 loci (13 new) in independent cohorts of Chinese and European ancestry. Genetic etiology of dyslexia was similar between sexes, and genetic covariance with many traits was found, including ambidexterity, but not neuroanatomical measures of language-related circuitry. Dyslexia polygenic scores explained up to 6% of variance in reading traits, and might in future contribute to earlier identification and remediation of dyslexia. |
| © 2022. The Author(s). |
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| DATE PUBLISHED |
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| HISTORY |
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| PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
| received |
2021/08/28 |
| accepted |
2022/08/23 |
| pubmed |
2022/10/21 06:00 |
| medline |
2022/10/21 06:00 |
| entrez |
2022/10/20 23:48 |
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| AUTHORS |
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| NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
| Doust C |
|
Doust |
Catherine |
C |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. |
| Fontanillas P |
|
Fontanillas |
Pierre |
P |
|
23andMe, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA. |
| Eising E |
|
Eising |
Else |
E |
|
Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. |
| Gordon SD |
|
Gordon |
Scott D |
SD |
|
Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Wang Z |
|
Wang |
Zhengjun |
Z |
|
School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University and Shaanxi Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China. |
| Alagöz G |
|
Alagöz |
Gökberk |
G |
|
Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. |
| Molz B |
|
Molz |
Barbara |
B |
|
Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. |
|
23andMe Research Team |
|
|
|
|
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|
Quantitative Trait Working Group of the GenLang Consortium |
|
|
|
|
|
| Pourcain BS |
|
Pourcain |
Beate St |
BS |
|
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. |
| Francks C |
|
Francks |
Clyde |
C |
|
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. |
| Marioni RE |
|
Marioni |
Riccardo E |
RE |
|
Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. |
| Zhao J |
|
Zhao |
Jingjing |
J |
|
School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University and Shaanxi Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China. |
| Paracchini S |
|
Paracchini |
Silvia |
S |
|
School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK. |
| Talcott JB |
|
Talcott |
Joel B |
JB |
|
Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, UK. |
| Monaco AP |
|
Monaco |
Anthony P |
AP |
|
Office of the President, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA. |
| Stein JF |
|
Stein |
John F |
JF |
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Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, UK. |
| Gruen JR |
|
Gruen |
Jeffrey R |
JR |
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Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA. |
| Olson RK |
|
Olson |
Richard K |
RK |
|
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| Willcutt EG |
|
Willcutt |
Erik G |
EG |
|
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| DeFries JC |
|
DeFries |
John C |
JC |
|
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| Pennington BF |
|
Pennington |
Bruce F |
BF |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA. |
| Smith SD |
|
Smith |
Shelley D |
SD |
|
Department of Neurological Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. |
| Wright MJ |
|
Wright |
Margaret J |
MJ |
|
Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Auton A |
|
Auton |
Adam |
A |
|
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| Bates TC |
|
Bates |
Timothy C |
TC |
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Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. |
| Fisher SE |
|
Fisher |
Simon E |
SE |
|
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. |
| Luciano M |
|
Luciano |
Michelle |
M |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. michelle.luciano@ed.ac.uk. |
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| INVESTIGATORS |
|
| LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
| Aslibekyan |
Stella |
S |
|
| Auton |
Adam |
A |
|
| Babalola |
Elizabeth |
E |
|
| Bell |
Robert K |
RK |
|
| Bielenberg |
Jessica |
J |
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| Bryc |
Katarzyna |
K |
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| Bullis |
Emily |
E |
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| Coker |
Daniella |
D |
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| Partida |
Gabriel Cuellar |
GC |
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| Dhamija |
Devika |
D |
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| Das |
Sayantan |
S |
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| Elson |
Sarah L |
SL |
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| Filshtein |
Teresa |
T |
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| Fletez-Brant |
Kipper |
K |
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| Freyman |
Will |
W |
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| Gandhi |
Pooja M |
PM |
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| Heilbron |
Karl |
K |
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| Hicks |
Barry |
B |
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| Hinds |
David A |
DA |
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| Jewett |
Ethan M |
EM |
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| Jiang |
Yunxuan |
Y |
|
| Kukar |
Katelyn |
K |
|
| Lin |
Keng-Han |
KH |
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| Lowe |
Maya |
M |
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| McCreight |
Jey |
J |
|
| McIntyre |
Matthew H |
MH |
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| Micheletti |
Steven J |
SJ |
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| Moreno |
Meghan E |
ME |
|
| Mountain |
Joanna L |
JL |
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| Nandakumar |
Priyanka |
P |
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| Noblin |
Elizabeth S |
ES |
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| O'Connell |
Jared |
J |
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| Petrakovitz |
Aaron A |
AA |
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| Poznik |
G David |
GD |
|
| Schumacher |
Morgan |
M |
|
| Shastri |
Anjali J |
AJ |
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| Shelton |
Janie F |
JF |
|
| Shi |
Jingchunzi |
J |
|
| Shringarpure |
Suyash |
S |
|
| Tran |
Vinh |
V |
|
| Tung |
Joyce Y |
JY |
|
| Wang |
Xin |
X |
|
| Wang |
Wei |
W |
|
| Weldon |
Catherine H |
CH |
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| Wilton |
Peter |
P |
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| Hernandez |
Alejandro |
A |
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| Wong |
Corinna |
C |
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| Tchakouté |
Christophe Toukam |
CT |
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| Abbondanza |
Filippo |
F |
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| Allegrini |
Andrea G |
AG |
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| Andlauer |
Till F M |
TFM |
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| Barr |
Cathy L |
CL |
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| Bernard |
Manon |
M |
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| Blokland |
Kirsten |
K |
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| Bonte |
Milene |
M |
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| Boomsma |
Dorret I |
DI |
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| Bourgeron |
Thomas |
T |
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| Brandeis |
Daniel |
D |
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| Carreiras |
Manuel |
M |
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| Ceroni |
Fabiola |
F |
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| Csépe |
Valéria |
V |
|
| Dale |
Philip S |
PS |
|
| de Jong |
Peter F |
PF |
|
| Démonet |
Jean Francois |
JF |
|
| de Zeeuw |
Eveline L |
EL |
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| Feng |
Yu |
Y |
|
| Franken |
Marie-Christine J |
MJ |
|
| Gerritse |
Margot |
M |
|
| Gialluisi |
Alessandro |
A |
|
| Guger |
Sharon L |
SL |
|
| Hayiou-Thomas |
Marianna E |
ME |
|
| Hernández-Cabrera |
Juan |
J |
|
| Hottenga |
Jouke-Jan |
JJ |
|
| Hulme |
Charles |
C |
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| Jansen |
Philip R |
PR |
|
| Kere |
Juha |
J |
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| Kerr |
Elizabeth N |
EN |
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| Koomar |
Tanner |
T |
|
| Landerl |
Karin |
K |
|
| Leonard |
Gabriel T |
GT |
|
| Liao |
Zhijie |
Z |
|
| Lovett |
Maureen W |
MW |
|
| Lyytinen |
Heikki |
H |
|
| Martinelli |
Angela |
A |
|
| Maurer |
Urs |
U |
|
| Michaelson |
Jacob J |
JJ |
|
| Mirza-Schreiber |
Nazanin |
N |
|
| Moll |
Kristina |
K |
|
| Morgan |
Angela T |
AT |
|
| Müller-Myhsok |
Bertram |
B |
|
| Newbury |
Dianne F |
DF |
|
| Nöthen |
Markus M |
MM |
|
| Paus |
Tomas |
T |
|
| Pausova |
Zdenka |
Z |
|
| Pennell |
Craig E |
CE |
|
| Plomin |
Robert J |
RJ |
|
| Price |
Kaitlyn M |
KM |
|
| Ramus |
Franck |
F |
|
| Reilly |
Sheena |
S |
|
| Richer |
Louis |
L |
|
| Rimfeld |
Kaili |
K |
|
| Schulte-Körne |
Gerd |
G |
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| Shapland |
Chin Yang |
CY |
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| Simpson |
Nuala H |
NH |
|
| Snowling |
Margaret J |
MJ |
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| Stein |
John F |
JF |
|
| Strug |
Lisa J |
LJ |
|
| Tiemeier |
Henning |
H |
|
| Tomblin |
J Bruce |
JB |
|
| Truong |
Dongnhu T |
DT |
|
| van Bergen |
Elsje |
E |
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| van der Schroeff |
Marc P |
MP |
|
| Van Donkelaar |
Marjolein |
M |
|
| Verhoef |
Ellen |
E |
|
| Wang |
Carol A |
CA |
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| Watkins |
Kate E |
KE |
|
| Whitehouse |
Andrew J O |
AJO |
|
| Wigg |
Karen G |
KG |
|
| Wilkinson |
Margaret |
M |
|
| Zhu |
Gu |
G |
|
|
| JOURNAL |
|
| VOLUME: 54 |
| ISSUE: 11 |
| TITLE: Nature genetics |
| ISOABBREVIATION: Nat Genet |
| YEAR: 2022 |
| MONTH: Nov |
| DAY: |
| MEDLINEDATE: |
| SEASON: |
| CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
| ISSN: 1546-1718 |
| ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
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| MEDLINE JOURNAL |
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| MEDLINETA: Nat Genet |
| COUNTRY: United States |
| ISSNLINKING: 1061-4036 |
| NLMUNIQUEID: 9216904 |
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| PUBLICATION TYPE |
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| PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
| Journal Article |
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| COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
|
|
| GRANTS |
|
| GRANTID |
AGENCY |
COUNTRY |
| 61807023 |
National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) |
|
| 797/17290 |
Waterloo Foundation (TWF) |
|
| 389891 |
Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) |
|
|
| GENERAL NOTE |
|
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| KEYWORDS |
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| MESH HEADINGS |
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| DESCRIPTORNAME |
QUALIFIERNAME |
| Child |
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| Adult |
|
| Humans |
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| Genome-Wide Association Study |
|
| Dyslexia |
psychology |
| Reading |
psychology |
| Language |
psychology |
| Asians |
psychology |
|
| SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
|
|
| GENE SYMBOLS |
|
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| CHEMICALS |
|
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| OTHER ID's |
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