Genetic Epidemiology, Translational Neurogenomics, Psychiatric Genetics and Statistical Genetics Laboratories investigate the pattern of disease in families, particularly identical and non-identical twins, to assess the relative importance of genes and environment in a variety of important health problems.
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TITLE
Enhancing Discovery of Genetic Variants for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Through Integration of Quantitative Phenotypes and Trauma Exposure Information.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND NlmCategory: BACKGROUND
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs).
METHODS NlmCategory: METHODS
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with linkage disequilibrium score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. Functional mapping and annotation of leading loci was performed with FUMA. Replication was evaluated using the Million Veteran Program GWAS of PTSD total symptoms.
RESULTS NlmCategory: RESULTS
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with linkage disequilibrium score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. Functional mapping and annotation of leading loci was performed with FUMA. Replication was evaluated using the Million Veteran Program GWAS of PTSD total symptoms. GWASs of PTSD symptoms and LTE burden identified 5 and 6 independent genome-wide significant loci, respectively. There was a 72% genetic correlation between PTSD and LTE. PTSD and LTE showed largely similar patterns of genetic correlation with other traits, albeit with some distinctions. Adjusting PTSD for LTE reduced PTSD heritability by 31%. Multivariate analysis of PTSD and LTE increased the effective sample size of the PTSD GWAS by 20% and identified 4 additional loci. Four of these 9 PTSD loci were independently replicated in the Million Veteran Program.
CONCLUSIONS NlmCategory: CONCLUSIONS
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with linkage disequilibrium score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. Functional mapping and annotation of leading loci was performed with FUMA. Replication was evaluated using the Million Veteran Program GWAS of PTSD total symptoms. GWASs of PTSD symptoms and LTE burden identified 5 and 6 independent genome-wide significant loci, respectively. There was a 72% genetic correlation between PTSD and LTE. PTSD and LTE showed largely similar patterns of genetic correlation with other traits, albeit with some distinctions. Adjusting PTSD for LTE reduced PTSD heritability by 31%. Multivariate analysis of PTSD and LTE increased the effective sample size of the PTSD GWAS by 20% and identified 4 additional loci. Four of these 9 PTSD loci were independently replicated in the Million Veteran Program. Through using a quantitative trait measure of PTSD, we identified novel risk loci not previously identified using prior case-control analyses. PTSD and LTE have a high genetic overlap that can be leveraged to increase discovery power through multivariate methods.
Copyright © 2021 Society of Biological Psychiatry. All rights reserved.
DATE PUBLISHED
2021 Sep 28
HISTORY
PUBSTATUS PUBSTATUSDATE
received 2021/04/28
revised 2021/08/25
accepted 2021/09/21
entrez 2021/12/06 05:38
pubmed 2021/12/07 06:00
medline 2021/12/07 06:00
AUTHORS
NAME COLLECTIVENAME LASTNAME FORENAME INITIALS AFFILIATION AFFILIATIONINFO
Maihofer AX Maihofer Adam X AX Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California. Electronic address: amaihofer@health.ucsd.edu.
Choi KW Choi Karmel W KW Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Coleman JRI Coleman Jonathan R I JRI Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Daskalakis NP Daskalakis Nikolaos P NP Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Center of Excellence in Depression and Anxiety Disorders, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Denckla CA Denckla Christy A CA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Ketema E Ketema Elizabeth E Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Research Service, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
Morey RA Morey Rajendra A RA Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Polimanti R Polimanti Renato R Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut; Departments of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Ratanatharathorn A Ratanatharathorn Andrew A Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York.
Torres K Torres Katy K Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Research Service, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
Wingo AP Wingo Aliza P AP Division of Mental Health, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia; Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Zai CC Zai Clement C CC Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Molecular Brain Science, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Aiello AE Aiello Allison E AE Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Almli LM Almli Lynn M LM Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Amstadter AB Amstadter Ananda B AB Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, Virginia.
Andersen SB Andersen Soren B SB Research and Knowledge Centre, The Danish Veteran Centre, Ringsted, Denmark.
Andreassen OA Andreassen Ole A OA Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Arbisi PA Arbisi Paul A PA Mental Health Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Ashley-Koch AE Ashley-Koch Allison E AE Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Austin SB Austin S Bryn SB Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Avdibegović E Avdibegović Esmina E Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Borglum AD Borglum Anders D AD Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Babić D Babić Dragan D Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bækvad-Hansen M Bækvad-Hansen Marie M The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Baker DG Baker Dewleen G DG Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Psychiatry Service, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
Beckham JC Beckham Jean C JC Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Research Service, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Genetics Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Bierut LJ Bierut Laura J LJ Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Bisson JI Bisson Jonathan I JI Medical Research Council Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Boks MP Boks Marco P MP Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Bolger EA Bolger Elizabeth A EA Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Bradley B Bradley Bekh B Mental Health Services, Decatur, Georgia; Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Brashear M Brashear Meghan M Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Breen G Breen Gerome G Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Bryant RA Bryant Richard A RA Department of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Bustamante AC Bustamante Angela C AC Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Bybjerg-Grauholm J Bybjerg-Grauholm Jonas J The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Calabrese JR Calabrese Joseph R JR Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
Caldas-de-Almeida JM Caldas-de-Almeida José M JM Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Chen CY Chen Chia-Yen CY Translational Biology, Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Dale AM Dale Anders M AM Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Dalvie S Dalvie Shareefa S South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Deckert J Deckert Jürgen J Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Delahanty DL Delahanty Douglas L DL Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio; Research and Sponsored Programs, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio.
Dennis MF Dennis Michelle F MF Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Research Service, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Genetics Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Disner SG Disner Seth G SG Research Service Line, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Domschke K Domschke Katharina K Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Basics in Neuromodulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Duncan LE Duncan Laramie E LE Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Džubur Kulenović A Džubur Kulenović Alma A Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Erbes CR Erbes Christopher R CR Mental Health Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Evans A Evans Alexandra A Medical Research Council Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Farrer LA Farrer Lindsay A LA Biomedical Genetics Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Feeny NC Feeny Norah C NC Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Flory JD Flory Janine D JD Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York.
Forbes D Forbes David D Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Franz CE Franz Carol E CE Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Galea S Galea Sandro S Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Garrett ME Garrett Melanie E ME Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Gautam A Gautam Aarti A Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Gelaye B Gelaye Bizu B Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Gelernter J Gelernter Joel J Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut; Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Geuze E Geuze Elbert E Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Gillespie CF Gillespie Charles F CF Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Goçi A Goçi Aferdita A Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Pristina, Kosovo.
Gordon SD Gordon Scott D SD Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Guffanti G Guffanti Guia G Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Hammamieh R Hammamieh Rasha R Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Hauser MA Hauser Michael A MA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Heath AC Heath Andrew C AC Department of Genetics, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Hemmings SMJ Hemmings Sian M J SMJ South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Extramural Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
Hougaard DM Hougaard David Michael DM The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jakovljević M Jakovljević Miro M Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Jett M Jett Marti M Department of Integrative Systems Biology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Johnson EO Johnson Eric Otto EO GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Fellows Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Jones I Jones Ian I Medical Research Council Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Jovanovic T Jovanovic Tanja T Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Qin XJ Qin Xue-Jun XJ Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Karstoft KI Karstoft Karen-Inge KI Research and Knowledge Centre, The Danish Veteran Centre, Ringsted, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kaufman ML Kaufman Milissa L ML Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Kessler RC Kessler Ronald C RC Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Khan A Khan Alaptagin A Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Kimbrel NA Kimbrel Nathan A NA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Mental Health Service, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Genetics Research Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
King AP King Anthony P AP Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Koen N Koen Nastassja N South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
Kranzler HR Kranzler Henry R HR Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Kremen WS Kremen William S WS Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
Lawford BR Lawford Bruce R BR School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
Lebois LAM Lebois Lauren A M LAM Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Lewis C Lewis Catrin C Medical Research Council Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Liberzon I Liberzon Israel I Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas.
Linnstaedt SD Linnstaedt Sarah D SD Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Logue MW Logue Mark W MW Biomedical Genetics Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; National Center for PTSD, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts.
Lori A Lori Adriana A Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Lugonja B Lugonja Božo B Medical Research Council Centre for Psychiatric Genetics and Genomics, National Centre for Mental Health, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
Luykx JJ Luykx Jurjen J JJ Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Lyons MJ Lyons Michael J MJ Dean of Students' Office, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Maples-Keller JL Maples-Keller Jessica L JL Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Marmar C Marmar Charles C Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York.
Martin NG Martin Nicholas G NG Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Maurer D Maurer Douglas D Command, United States Army, Fort Sill, Oklahoma.
Mavissakalian MR Mavissakalian Matig R MR Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
McFarlane A McFarlane Alexander A Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
McGlinchey RE McGlinchey Regina E RE Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts.
McLaughlin KA McLaughlin Katie A KA Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
McLean SA McLean Samuel A SA Institute for Trauma Recovery, Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Mehta D Mehta Divya D School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
Mellor R Mellor Rebecca R Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Greenslopes, Queensland, Australia.
Michopoulos V Michopoulos Vasiliki V Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Milberg W Milberg William W Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts.
Miller MW Miller Mark W MW Biomedical Genetics Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; National Center for PTSD, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts.
Morris CP Morris Charles Phillip CP School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia; Jamieson Trauma Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
Mors O Mors Ole O Psychosis Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Mortensen PB Mortensen Preben B PB Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Nelson EC Nelson Elliot C EC Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Nordentoft M Nordentoft Merete M The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Norman SB Norman Sonya B SB Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Executive Division, National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, White River Junction, Vermont.
O'Donnell M O'Donnell Meaghan M Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Phoenix Australia Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Orcutt HK Orcutt Holly K HK Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois.
Panizzon MS Panizzon Matthew S MS Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Peters ES Peters Edward S ES Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Peterson AL Peterson Alan L AL Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
Peverill M Peverill Matthew M Departments of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Pietrzak RH Pietrzak Robert H RH National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut; Departments of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Polusny MA Polusny Melissa A MA Mental Health Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Rice JP Rice John P JP Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Risbrough VB Risbrough Victoria B VB Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Research Service, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
Roberts AL Roberts Andrea L AL Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Rothbaum AO Rothbaum Alex O AO Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Rothbaum BO Rothbaum Barbara O BO Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Roy-Byrne P Roy-Byrne Peter P Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Ruggiero KJ Ruggiero Kenneth J KJ Department of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Rung A Rung Ariane A Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Rutten BPF Rutten Bart P F BPF Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Saccone NL Saccone Nancy L NL Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
Sanchez SE Sanchez Sixto E SE Department of Medicine, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Lima, Peru.
Schijven D Schijven Dick D Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Seedat S Seedat Soraya S South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Extramural Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
Seligowski AV Seligowski Antonia V AV Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Seng JS Seng Julia S JS Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Women's and Gender Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Sheerin CM Sheerin Christina M CM Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, Virginia.
Silove D Silove Derrick D Department of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Smith AK Smith Alicia K AK Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Smoller JW Smoller Jordan W JW Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Sponheim SR Sponheim Scott R SR Mental Health Service, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Stein DJ Stein Dan J DJ South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, Cape Town, South Africa.
Stevens JS Stevens Jennifer S JS Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Teicher MH Teicher Martin H MH Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Developmental Biopsychiatry Research Program, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Thompson WK Thompson Wesley K WK Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Roskilde, Denmark.
Trapido E Trapido Edward E Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Uddin M Uddin Monica M Genomics Program, University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, Florida.
Ursano RJ Ursano Robert J RJ Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland.
van den Heuvel LL van den Heuvel Leigh Luella LL South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Extramural Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
Van Hooff M Van Hooff Miranda M Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Vermetten E Vermetten Eric E Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York; Brain Research and Innovation Centre, Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands; Arq Psychotrauma Research Expert Group, Diemen, Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
Vinkers C Vinkers Christiaan C Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Voisey J Voisey Joanne J School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
Wang Y Wang Yunpeng Y The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Wang Z Wang Zhewu Z Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Mental Health, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina.
Werge T Werge Thomas T The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Williams MA Williams Michelle A MA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Williamson DE Williamson Douglas E DE Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Research Service, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
Winternitz S Winternitz Sherry S Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts.
Wolf C Wolf Christiane C Center of Mental Health, Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Wolf EJ Wolf Erika J EJ Biomedical Genetics Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; National Center for PTSD, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts.
Yehuda R Yehuda Rachel R Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Mental Health, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx.
Young KA Young Keith A KA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor Scott & White Health Central Texas Division, Temple, Texas; Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Waco, Texas.
Young RM Young Ross McD RM School of Psychology and Counseling, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia; Jamieson Trauma Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.
Zhao H Zhao Hongyu H Department of Biostatistics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
Zoellner LA Zoellner Lori A LA Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Haas M Haas Magali M Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Lasseter H Lasseter Heather H Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Provost AC Provost Allison C AC Cohen Veterans Bioscience, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Salem RM Salem Rany M RM Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Sebat J Sebat Jonathan J Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
Shaffer RA Shaffer Richard A RA Department of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California.
Wu T Wu Tianying T Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State University School of Public Health, San Diego, California.
Ripke S Ripke Stephan S Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
Daly MJ Daly Mark J MJ Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Ressler KJ Ressler Kerry J KJ Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Koenen KC Koenen Karestan C KC Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Stein MB Stein Murray B MB Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
Nievergelt CM Nievergelt Caroline M CM Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California; Research Service, Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California.
INVESTIGATORS
JOURNAL
VOLUME:
ISSUE:
TITLE: Biological psychiatry
ISOABBREVIATION: Biol Psychiatry
YEAR: 2021
MONTH: Sep
DAY: 28
MEDLINEDATE:
SEASON:
CITEDMEDIUM: Internet
ISSN: 1873-2402
ISSNTYPE: Electronic
MEDLINE JOURNAL
MEDLINETA: Biol Psychiatry
COUNTRY: United States
ISSNLINKING: 0006-3223
NLMUNIQUEID: 0213264
PUBLICATION TYPE
PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT
Journal Article
COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS
GRANTS
GRANTID AGENCY COUNTRY
R01 AG022381 NIA NIH HHS United States
R01 AG050595 NIA NIH HHS United States
R01 AG064955 NIA NIH HHS United States
GENERAL NOTE
KEYWORDS
KEYWORD
GWAS
Genetics
Heritability
PTSD
PheWAS
Trauma
MESH HEADINGS
SUPPLEMENTARY MESH
GENE SYMBOLS
CHEMICALS
OTHER ID's
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