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PMID |
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TITLE |
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Genetic association study of childhood aggression across raters, instruments, and age. |
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ABSTRACT |
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Childhood aggressive behavior (AGG) has a substantial heritability of around 50%. Here we present a genome-wide association meta-analysis (GWAMA) of childhood AGG, in which all phenotype measures across childhood ages from multiple assessors were included. We analyzed phenotype assessments for a total of 328 935 observations from 87 485 children aged between 1.5 and 18 years, while accounting for sample overlap. We also meta-analyzed within subsets of the data, i.e., within rater, instrument and age. SNP-heritability for the overall meta-analysis (AGG ) was 3.31% (SE = 0.0038). We found no genome-wide significant SNPs for AGG . The gene-based analysis returned three significant genes: ST3GAL3 (P = 1.6E-06), PCDH7 (P = 2.0E-06), and IPO13 (P = 2.5E-06). All three genes have previously been associated with educational traits. Polygenic scores based on our GWAMA significantly predicted aggression in a holdout sample of children (variance explained = 0.44%) and in retrospectively assessed childhood aggression (variance explained = 0.20%). Genetic correlations (r ) among rater-specific assessment of AGG ranged from r = 0.46 between self- and teacher-assessment to r = 0.81 between mother- and teacher-assessment. We obtained moderate-to-strong r s with selected phenotypes from multiple domains, but hardly with any of the classical biomarkers thought to be associated with AGG. Significant genetic correlations were observed with most psychiatric and psychological traits (range [Formula: see text]: 0.19-1.00), except for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Aggression had a negative genetic correlation (r = ~-0.5) with cognitive traits and age at first birth. Aggression was strongly genetically correlated with smoking phenotypes (range [Formula: see text]: 0.46-0.60). The genetic correlations between aggression and psychiatric disorders were weaker for teacher-reported AGG than for mother- and self-reported AGG. The current GWAMA of childhood aggression provides a powerful tool to interrogate the rater-specific genetic etiology of AGG. |
© 2021. The Author(s). |
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DATE PUBLISHED |
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HISTORY |
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PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
received |
2020/05/24 |
accepted |
2021/05/20 |
revised |
2021/04/11 |
entrez |
2021/07/31 06:32 |
pubmed |
2021/08/01 06:00 |
medline |
2021/08/05 06:00 |
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AUTHORS |
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NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
Ip HF |
|
Ip |
Hill F |
HF |
|
Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
van der Laan CM |
|
van der Laan |
Camiel M |
CM |
|
Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Krapohl EML |
|
Krapohl |
Eva M L |
EML |
|
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. |
Brikell I |
|
Brikell |
Isabell |
I |
|
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. |
Sánchez-Mora C |
|
Sánchez-Mora |
Cristina |
C |
|
Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. |
Nolte IM |
|
Nolte |
Ilja M |
IM |
|
Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. |
St Pourcain B |
|
St Pourcain |
Beate |
B |
|
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. |
Bolhuis K |
|
Bolhuis |
Koen |
K |
|
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. |
Palviainen T |
|
Palviainen |
Teemu |
T |
|
Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. |
Zafarmand H |
|
Zafarmand |
Hadi |
H |
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Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Colodro-Conde L |
|
Colodro-Conde |
Lucía |
L |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
Gordon S |
|
Gordon |
Scott |
S |
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QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
Zayats T |
|
Zayats |
Tetyana |
T |
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Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. |
Aliev F |
|
Aliev |
Fazil |
F |
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Faculty of Business, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey. |
Jiang C |
|
Jiang |
Chang |
C |
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Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. |
Wang CA |
|
Wang |
Carol A |
CA |
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Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. |
Saunders G |
|
Saunders |
Gretchen |
G |
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Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. |
Karhunen V |
|
Karhunen |
Ville |
V |
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Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. |
Hammerschlag AR |
|
Hammerschlag |
Anke R |
AR |
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Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Adkins DE |
|
Adkins |
Daniel E |
DE |
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Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. |
Border R |
|
Border |
Richard |
R |
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Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
Peterson RE |
|
Peterson |
Roseann E |
RE |
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Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
Prinz JA |
|
Prinz |
Joseph A |
JA |
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Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. |
Thiering E |
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Thiering |
Elisabeth |
E |
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Division of Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany. |
Seppälä I |
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Seppälä |
Ilkka |
I |
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Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. |
Vilor-Tejedor N |
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Vilor-Tejedor |
Natàlia |
N |
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Barcelona Beta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation (FPM), Barcelona, Spain. |
Ahluwalia TS |
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Ahluwalia |
Tarunveer S |
TS |
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Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark. |
Day FR |
|
Day |
Felix R |
FR |
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MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK. |
Hottenga JJ |
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Hottenga |
Jouke-Jan |
JJ |
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Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Allegrini AG |
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Allegrini |
Andrea G |
AG |
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Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. |
Rimfeld K |
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Rimfeld |
Kaili |
K |
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Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. |
Chen Q |
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Chen |
Qi |
Q |
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Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. |
Lu Y |
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Lu |
Yi |
Y |
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Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. |
Martin J |
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Martin |
Joanna |
J |
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MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. |
Soler Artigas M |
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Soler Artigas |
María |
M |
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Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. |
Rovira P |
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Rovira |
Paula |
P |
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Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. |
Bosch R |
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Bosch |
Rosa |
R |
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Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. |
Español G |
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Español |
Gemma |
G |
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Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain. |
Ramos Quiroga JA |
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Ramos Quiroga |
Josep Antoni |
JA |
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Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. |
Neumann A |
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Neumann |
Alexander |
A |
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Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada. |
Ensink J |
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Ensink |
Judith |
J |
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De Bascule, Academic Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Grasby K |
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Grasby |
Katrina |
K |
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QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
Morosoli JJ |
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Morosoli |
José J |
JJ |
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QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
Tong X |
|
Tong |
Xiaoran |
X |
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Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. |
Marrington S |
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Marrington |
Shelby |
S |
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School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia. |
Middeldorp C |
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Middeldorp |
Christel |
C |
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Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
Scott JG |
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Scott |
James G |
JG |
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Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, St Lucia, QLD, Australia. |
Vinkhuyzen A |
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Vinkhuyzen |
Anna |
A |
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Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia. |
Shabalin AA |
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Shabalin |
Andrey A |
AA |
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Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. |
Corley R |
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Corley |
Robin |
R |
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Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
Evans LM |
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Evans |
Luke M |
LM |
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Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
Sugden K |
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Sugden |
Karen |
K |
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Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. |
Alemany S |
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Alemany |
Silvia |
S |
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CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. |
Sass L |
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Sass |
Lærke |
L |
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COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
Vinding R |
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Vinding |
Rebecca |
R |
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COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
Ruth K |
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Ruth |
Kate |
K |
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Genetics of Complex Traits, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK. |
Tyrrell J |
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Tyrrell |
Jess |
J |
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Genetics of Complex Traits, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK. |
Davies GE |
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Davies |
Gareth E |
GE |
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Avera Institute for Human Genetics, Sioux Falls, SD, USA. |
Ehli EA |
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Ehli |
Erik A |
EA |
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Avera Institute for Human Genetics, Sioux Falls, SD, USA. |
Hagenbeek FA |
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Hagenbeek |
Fiona A |
FA |
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Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
De Zeeuw E |
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De Zeeuw |
Eveline |
E |
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Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Van Beijsterveldt TCEM |
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Van Beijsterveldt |
Toos C E M |
TCEM |
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Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Larsson H |
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Larsson |
Henrik |
H |
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School of Medical Sciences, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden. |
Snieder H |
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Snieder |
Harold |
H |
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Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. |
Verhulst FC |
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Verhulst |
Frank C |
FC |
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Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
Amin N |
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Amin |
Najaf |
N |
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Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. |
Whipp AM |
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Whipp |
Alyce M |
AM |
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Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. |
Korhonen T |
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Korhonen |
Tellervo |
T |
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Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. |
Vuoksimaa E |
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Vuoksimaa |
Eero |
E |
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Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. |
Rose RJ |
|
Rose |
Richard J |
RJ |
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Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA. |
Uitterlinden AG |
|
Uitterlinden |
André G |
AG |
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Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)-sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, The Netherlands. |
Heath AC |
|
Heath |
Andrew C |
AC |
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Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA. |
Madden P |
|
Madden |
Pamela |
P |
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Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA. |
Haavik J |
|
Haavik |
Jan |
J |
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Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. |
Harris JR |
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Harris |
Jennifer R |
JR |
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Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. |
Helgeland Ø |
|
Helgeland |
Øyvind |
Ø |
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Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalization, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway. |
Johansson S |
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Johansson |
Stefan |
S |
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K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. |
Knudsen GPS |
|
Knudsen |
Gun Peggy S |
GPS |
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Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. |
Njolstad PR |
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Njolstad |
Pal Rasmus |
PR |
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Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. |
Lu Q |
|
Lu |
Qing |
Q |
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Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. |
Rodriguez A |
|
Rodriguez |
Alina |
A |
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School of Psychology, University of Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK. |
Henders AK |
|
Henders |
Anjali K |
AK |
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Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia. |
Mamun A |
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Mamun |
Abdullah |
A |
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Institute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Long Pocket, QLD, Australia. |
Najman JM |
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Najman |
Jackob M |
JM |
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School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia. |
Brown S |
|
Brown |
Sandy |
S |
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Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. |
Hopfer C |
|
Hopfer |
Christian |
C |
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University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. |
Krauter K |
|
Krauter |
Kenneth |
K |
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Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
Reynolds C |
|
Reynolds |
Chandra |
C |
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Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA. |
Smolen A |
|
Smolen |
Andrew |
A |
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Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
Stallings M |
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Stallings |
Michael |
M |
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Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
Wadsworth S |
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Wadsworth |
Sally |
S |
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Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
Wall TL |
|
Wall |
Tamara L |
TL |
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Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. |
Silberg JL |
|
Silberg |
Judy L |
JL |
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Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
Miller A |
|
Miller |
Allison |
A |
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Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, and Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch Central City, New Zealand. |
Keltikangas-Järvinen L |
|
Keltikangas-Järvinen |
Liisa |
L |
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Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. |
Hakulinen C |
|
Hakulinen |
Christian |
C |
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Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. |
Pulkki-Råback L |
|
Pulkki-Råback |
Laura |
L |
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Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. |
Havdahl A |
|
Havdahl |
Alexandra |
A |
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Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. |
Magnus P |
|
Magnus |
Per |
P |
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Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. |
Raitakari OT |
|
Raitakari |
Olli T |
OT |
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Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. |
Perry JRB |
|
Perry |
John R B |
JRB |
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MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK. |
Llop S |
|
Llop |
Sabrina |
S |
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Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. |
Lopez-Espinosa MJ |
|
Lopez-Espinosa |
Maria-Jose |
MJ |
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Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain. |
Bønnelykke K |
|
Bønnelykke |
Klaus |
K |
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COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
Bisgaard H |
|
Bisgaard |
Hans |
H |
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COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
Sunyer J |
|
Sunyer |
Jordi |
J |
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IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain. |
Lehtimäki T |
|
Lehtimäki |
Terho |
T |
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Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. |
Arseneault L |
|
Arseneault |
Louise |
L |
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Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. |
Standl M |
|
Standl |
Marie |
M |
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Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. |
Heinrich J |
|
Heinrich |
Joachim |
J |
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Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. |
Boden J |
|
Boden |
Joseph |
J |
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Christchurch Health and Development Study, Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch Central City, New Zealand. |
Pearson J |
|
Pearson |
John |
J |
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Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch Central City, New Zealand. |
Horwood LJ |
|
Horwood |
L John |
LJ |
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Christchurch Health and Development Study, Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch Central City, New Zealand. |
Kennedy M |
|
Kennedy |
Martin |
M |
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Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, and Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch Central City, New Zealand. |
Poulton R |
|
Poulton |
Richie |
R |
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Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. |
Eaves LJ |
|
Eaves |
Lindon J |
LJ |
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Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
Maes HH |
|
Maes |
Hermine H |
HH |
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Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
Hewitt J |
|
Hewitt |
John |
J |
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Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
Copeland WE |
|
Copeland |
William E |
WE |
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Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. |
Costello EJ |
|
Costello |
Elizabeth J |
EJ |
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Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, UK. |
Williams GM |
|
Williams |
Gail M |
GM |
|
School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia. |
Wray N |
|
Wray |
Naomi |
N |
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Queensland Brain Institute, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia. |
Järvelin MR |
|
Järvelin |
Marjo-Riitta |
MR |
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Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. |
McGue M |
|
McGue |
Matt |
M |
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Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. |
Iacono W |
|
Iacono |
William |
W |
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Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. |
Caspi A |
|
Caspi |
Avshalom |
A |
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Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. |
Moffitt TE |
|
Moffitt |
Terrie E |
TE |
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Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. |
Whitehouse A |
|
Whitehouse |
Andrew |
A |
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Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. |
Pennell CE |
|
Pennell |
Craig E |
CE |
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Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. |
Klump KL |
|
Klump |
Kelly L |
KL |
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Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. |
Burt SA |
|
Burt |
S Alexandra |
SA |
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Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. |
Dick DM |
|
Dick |
Danielle M |
DM |
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College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
Reichborn-Kjennerud T |
|
Reichborn-Kjennerud |
Ted |
T |
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Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. |
Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
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QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
Medland SE |
|
Medland |
Sarah E |
SE |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
Vrijkotte T |
|
Vrijkotte |
Tanja |
T |
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Department of Public Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
Kaprio J |
|
Kaprio |
Jaakko |
J |
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Department of Public Health, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. |
Tiemeier H |
|
Tiemeier |
Henning |
H |
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Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. |
Davey Smith G |
|
Davey Smith |
George |
G |
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Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. |
Hartman CA |
|
Hartman |
Catharina A |
CA |
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Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. |
Oldehinkel AJ |
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Oldehinkel |
Albertine J |
AJ |
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Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. |
Casas M |
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Casas |
Miquel |
M |
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Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. |
Ribasés M |
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Ribasés |
Marta |
M |
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Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. |
Lichtenstein P |
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Lichtenstein |
Paul |
P |
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Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. |
Lundström S |
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Lundström |
Sebastian |
S |
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Centre for Ethics, Law and Mental Health, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. |
Plomin R |
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Plomin |
Robert |
R |
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Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. |
Bartels M |
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Bartels |
Meike |
M |
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Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.bartels@vu.nl. |
Nivard MG |
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Nivard |
Michel G |
MG |
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Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.g.nivard@vu.nl. |
Boomsma DI |
|
Boomsma |
Dorret I |
DI |
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Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. di.boomsma@vu.nl. |
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INVESTIGATORS |
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JOURNAL |
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VOLUME: 11 |
ISSUE: 1 |
TITLE: Translational psychiatry |
ISOABBREVIATION: Transl Psychiatry |
YEAR: 2021 |
MONTH: 07 |
DAY: 30 |
MEDLINEDATE: |
SEASON: |
CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
ISSN: 2158-3188 |
ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
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MEDLINE JOURNAL |
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MEDLINETA: Transl Psychiatry |
COUNTRY: United States |
ISSNLINKING: 2158-3188 |
NLMUNIQUEID: 101562664 |
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PUBLICATION TYPE |
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PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
Journal Article |
Meta-Analysis |
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
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COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
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GRANTS |
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GENERAL NOTE |
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KEYWORDS |
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MESH HEADINGS |
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DESCRIPTORNAME |
QUALIFIERNAME |
Adolescent |
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Aggression |
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Child |
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Child, Preschool |
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Female |
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Genetic Association Studies |
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Genome-Wide Association Study |
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Humans |
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Infant |
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Mental Disorders |
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Retrospective Studies |
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SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
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GENE SYMBOLS |
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CHEMICALS |
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OTHER ID's |
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