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| PMID |
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| TITLE |
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| Early expressions of psychopathology and risk associated with trans-diagnostic transition to mood and psychotic disorders in adolescents and young adults. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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| OBJECTIVES |
NlmCategory: OBJECTIVE |
| The heterogeneity and comorbidity of major mental disorders presenting in adolescents and young adults has fostered calls for trans-diagnostic research. This study examines early expressions of psychopathology and risk and trans-diagnostic caseness in a community cohort of twins and non-twin siblings. |
| METHODS |
NlmCategory: METHODS |
| The heterogeneity and comorbidity of major mental disorders presenting in adolescents and young adults has fostered calls for trans-diagnostic research. This study examines early expressions of psychopathology and risk and trans-diagnostic caseness in a community cohort of twins and non-twin siblings. Using data from the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study, we estimated median number of self-rated psychiatric symptoms, prevalence of subthreshold syndromes, family history of mood and/or psychotic disorders, and likelihood of subsequent trans-diagnostic caseness (individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for mood and/or psychotic syndromes). Next, we used cross-validated Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) analyses to identify the nature and relative importance of individual self-rated symptoms that predicted trans-diagnostic caseness. We examined the positive and negative predictive values (PPV; NPV) and accuracy of all classifications (Area under the Curve and 95% confidence intervals: AUC; 95% CI). |
| RESULTS |
NlmCategory: RESULTS |
| The heterogeneity and comorbidity of major mental disorders presenting in adolescents and young adults has fostered calls for trans-diagnostic research. This study examines early expressions of psychopathology and risk and trans-diagnostic caseness in a community cohort of twins and non-twin siblings. Using data from the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study, we estimated median number of self-rated psychiatric symptoms, prevalence of subthreshold syndromes, family history of mood and/or psychotic disorders, and likelihood of subsequent trans-diagnostic caseness (individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for mood and/or psychotic syndromes). Next, we used cross-validated Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) analyses to identify the nature and relative importance of individual self-rated symptoms that predicted trans-diagnostic caseness. We examined the positive and negative predictive values (PPV; NPV) and accuracy of all classifications (Area under the Curve and 95% confidence intervals: AUC; 95% CI). Of 1815 participants (Female 1050, 58%; mean age 26.40), more than one in four met caseness criteria for a mood and/or psychotic disorder. Examination of individual factors indicated that the AUC was highest for subthreshold syndromes, followed by family history then self-rated psychiatric symptoms, and that NPV always exceeded PPV for caseness. In contrast, the CHAID analysis (adjusted for age, sex, twin status) generated a classification tree comprising six trans-diagnostic symptoms. Whilst the contribution of two symptoms (need for sleep; physical activity) to the model was more difficult to interpret, CHAID analysis indicated that four self-rated symptoms (sadness; feeling overwhelmed; impaired concentration; paranoia) offered the best discrimination between cases and non-cases. These four symptoms showed different associations with family history status. |
| CONCLUSIONS |
NlmCategory: CONCLUSIONS |
| The heterogeneity and comorbidity of major mental disorders presenting in adolescents and young adults has fostered calls for trans-diagnostic research. This study examines early expressions of psychopathology and risk and trans-diagnostic caseness in a community cohort of twins and non-twin siblings. Using data from the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study, we estimated median number of self-rated psychiatric symptoms, prevalence of subthreshold syndromes, family history of mood and/or psychotic disorders, and likelihood of subsequent trans-diagnostic caseness (individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for mood and/or psychotic syndromes). Next, we used cross-validated Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) analyses to identify the nature and relative importance of individual self-rated symptoms that predicted trans-diagnostic caseness. We examined the positive and negative predictive values (PPV; NPV) and accuracy of all classifications (Area under the Curve and 95% confidence intervals: AUC; 95% CI). Of 1815 participants (Female 1050, 58%; mean age 26.40), more than one in four met caseness criteria for a mood and/or psychotic disorder. Examination of individual factors indicated that the AUC was highest for subthreshold syndromes, followed by family history then self-rated psychiatric symptoms, and that NPV always exceeded PPV for caseness. In contrast, the CHAID analysis (adjusted for age, sex, twin status) generated a classification tree comprising six trans-diagnostic symptoms. Whilst the contribution of two symptoms (need for sleep; physical activity) to the model was more difficult to interpret, CHAID analysis indicated that four self-rated symptoms (sadness; feeling overwhelmed; impaired concentration; paranoia) offered the best discrimination between cases and non-cases. These four symptoms showed different associations with family history status. The findings need replication in independent cohorts. However, the use of CHAID might provide a means of identifying specific subsets of trans-diagnostic symptoms representing clinical phenotypes that predict transition to caseness in individuals at risk of onset of major mental disorders. |
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| DATE PUBLISHED |
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| HISTORY |
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| PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
| received |
2021/03/05 |
| accepted |
2021/05/17 |
| entrez |
2021/06/04 17:27 |
| pubmed |
2021/06/05 06:00 |
| medline |
2021/06/05 06:00 |
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| AUTHORS |
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| NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
| Scott J |
|
Scott |
Jan |
J |
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Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom. |
| Crouse JJ |
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Crouse |
Jacob J |
JJ |
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Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. |
| Ho N |
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Ho |
Nicholas |
N |
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Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. |
| Iorfino F |
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Iorfino |
Frank |
F |
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Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. |
| Martin N |
|
Martin |
Nicholas |
N |
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QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia. |
| Parker R |
|
Parker |
Richard |
R |
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QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia. |
| McGrath J |
|
McGrath |
John |
J |
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QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia. |
| Gillespie NA |
|
Gillespie |
Nathan A |
NA |
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Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America. |
| Medland S |
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Medland |
Sarah |
S |
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Institute of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. |
| Hickie IB |
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Hickie |
Ian B |
IB |
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Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. |
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| JOURNAL |
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| VOLUME: 16 |
| ISSUE: 6 |
| TITLE: PloS one |
| ISOABBREVIATION: PLoS One |
| YEAR: 2021 |
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| CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
| ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
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| MEDLINE JOURNAL |
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| MEDLINETA: PLoS One |
| COUNTRY: United States |
| ISSNLINKING: 1932-6203 |
| NLMUNIQUEID: 101285081 |
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| PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
| Journal Article |
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