|
|
| PMID |
|
|
| TITLE |
|
| A large-scale genome-wide association study meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder. |
|
| ABSTRACT |
|
| BACKGROUND |
|
| Variation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated twin and family heritability about 50-70%) and is associated with negative outcomes, including increased risk of psychopathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with cannabis use disorder. |
| METHODS |
|
| Variation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated twin and family heritability about 50-70%) and is associated with negative outcomes, including increased risk of psychopathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with cannabis use disorder. To conduct this GWAS meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder and identify associations with genetic loci, we used samples from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders working group, iPSYCH, and deCODE (20 916 case samples, 363 116 control samples in total), contrasting cannabis use disorder cases with controls. To examine the genetic overlap between cannabis use disorder and 22 traits of interest (chosen because of previously published phenotypic correlations [eg, psychiatric disorders] or hypothesised associations [eg, chronotype] with cannabis use disorder), we used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate genetic correlations. |
| FINDINGS |
|
| Variation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated twin and family heritability about 50-70%) and is associated with negative outcomes, including increased risk of psychopathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with cannabis use disorder. To conduct this GWAS meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder and identify associations with genetic loci, we used samples from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders working group, iPSYCH, and deCODE (20 916 case samples, 363 116 control samples in total), contrasting cannabis use disorder cases with controls. To examine the genetic overlap between cannabis use disorder and 22 traits of interest (chosen because of previously published phenotypic correlations [eg, psychiatric disorders] or hypothesised associations [eg, chronotype] with cannabis use disorder), we used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate genetic correlations. We identified two genome-wide significant loci: a novel chromosome 7 locus (FOXP2, lead single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] rs7783012; odds ratio [OR] 1·11, 95% CI 1·07-1·15, p=1·84 × 10 ) and the previously identified chromosome 8 locus (near CHRNA2 and EPHX2, lead SNP rs4732724; OR 0·89, 95% CI 0·86-0·93, p=6·46 × 10 ). Cannabis use disorder and cannabis use were genetically correlated (rg 0·50, p=1·50 × 10 ), but they showed significantly different genetic correlations with 12 of the 22 traits we tested, suggesting at least partially different genetic underpinnings of cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Cannabis use disorder was positively genetically correlated with other psychopathology, including ADHD, major depression, and schizophrenia. |
| INTERPRETATION |
|
| Variation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated twin and family heritability about 50-70%) and is associated with negative outcomes, including increased risk of psychopathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with cannabis use disorder. To conduct this GWAS meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder and identify associations with genetic loci, we used samples from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders working group, iPSYCH, and deCODE (20 916 case samples, 363 116 control samples in total), contrasting cannabis use disorder cases with controls. To examine the genetic overlap between cannabis use disorder and 22 traits of interest (chosen because of previously published phenotypic correlations [eg, psychiatric disorders] or hypothesised associations [eg, chronotype] with cannabis use disorder), we used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate genetic correlations. We identified two genome-wide significant loci: a novel chromosome 7 locus (FOXP2, lead single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] rs7783012; odds ratio [OR] 1·11, 95% CI 1·07-1·15, p=1·84 × 10 ) and the previously identified chromosome 8 locus (near CHRNA2 and EPHX2, lead SNP rs4732724; OR 0·89, 95% CI 0·86-0·93, p=6·46 × 10 ). Cannabis use disorder and cannabis use were genetically correlated (rg 0·50, p=1·50 × 10 ), but they showed significantly different genetic correlations with 12 of the 22 traits we tested, suggesting at least partially different genetic underpinnings of cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Cannabis use disorder was positively genetically correlated with other psychopathology, including ADHD, major depression, and schizophrenia. These findings support the theory that cannabis use disorder has shared genetic liability with other psychopathology, and there is a distinction between genetic liability to cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. |
| FUNDING |
|
| Variation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated twin and family heritability about 50-70%) and is associated with negative outcomes, including increased risk of psychopathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with cannabis use disorder. To conduct this GWAS meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder and identify associations with genetic loci, we used samples from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders working group, iPSYCH, and deCODE (20 916 case samples, 363 116 control samples in total), contrasting cannabis use disorder cases with controls. To examine the genetic overlap between cannabis use disorder and 22 traits of interest (chosen because of previously published phenotypic correlations [eg, psychiatric disorders] or hypothesised associations [eg, chronotype] with cannabis use disorder), we used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate genetic correlations. We identified two genome-wide significant loci: a novel chromosome 7 locus (FOXP2, lead single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] rs7783012; odds ratio [OR] 1·11, 95% CI 1·07-1·15, p=1·84 × 10 ) and the previously identified chromosome 8 locus (near CHRNA2 and EPHX2, lead SNP rs4732724; OR 0·89, 95% CI 0·86-0·93, p=6·46 × 10 ). Cannabis use disorder and cannabis use were genetically correlated (rg 0·50, p=1·50 × 10 ), but they showed significantly different genetic correlations with 12 of the 22 traits we tested, suggesting at least partially different genetic underpinnings of cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Cannabis use disorder was positively genetically correlated with other psychopathology, including ADHD, major depression, and schizophrenia. These findings support the theory that cannabis use disorder has shared genetic liability with other psychopathology, and there is a distinction between genetic liability to cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; National Institute on Drug Abuse; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine and the Centre for Integrative Sequencing; The European Commission, Horizon 2020; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Health Research Council of New Zealand; National Institute on Aging; Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium; UK Research and Innovation Medical Research Council (UKRI MRC); The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia; Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program of the University of California; Families for Borderline Personality Disorder Research (Beth and Rob Elliott) 2018 NARSAD Young Investigator Grant; The National Child Health Research Foundation (Cure Kids); The Canterbury Medical Research Foundation; The New Zealand Lottery Grants Board; The University of Otago; The Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics; The James Hume Bequest Fund; National Institutes of Health: Genes, Environment and Health Initiative; National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute; The William T Grant Foundation; Australian Research Council; The Virginia Tobacco Settlement Foundation; The VISN 1 and VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Centers of the US Department of Veterans Affairs; The 5th Framework Programme (FP-5) GenomEUtwin Project; The Lundbeck Foundation; NIH-funded Shared Instrumentation Grant S10RR025141; Clinical Translational Sciences Award grants; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of General Medical Sciences. |
| Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. |
|
| DATE PUBLISHED |
|
|
| HISTORY |
|
| PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
| received |
2020/05/18 |
| revised |
2020/07/15 |
| accepted |
2020/07/16 |
| pubmed |
2020/10/24 06:00 |
| medline |
2021/01/14 06:00 |
| entrez |
2020/10/23 20:10 |
|
| AUTHORS |
|
| NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
| Johnson EC |
|
Johnson |
Emma C |
EC |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address: emma.c.johnson@wustl.edu. |
| Demontis D |
|
Demontis |
Ditte |
D |
|
Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark. |
| Thorgeirsson TE |
|
Thorgeirsson |
Thorgeir E |
TE |
|
CNS Department, Reykjavik, Iceland. |
| Walters RK |
|
Walters |
Raymond K |
RK |
|
Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. |
| Polimanti R |
|
Polimanti |
Renato |
R |
|
Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA. |
| Hatoum AS |
|
Hatoum |
Alexander S |
AS |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Sanchez-Roige S |
|
Sanchez-Roige |
Sandra |
S |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. |
| Paul SE |
|
Paul |
Sarah E |
SE |
|
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. |
| Wendt FR |
|
Wendt |
Frank R |
FR |
|
Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA. |
| Clarke TK |
|
Clarke |
Toni-Kim |
TK |
|
Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. |
| Lai D |
|
Lai |
Dongbing |
D |
|
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. |
| Reginsson GW |
|
Reginsson |
Gunnar W |
GW |
|
CNS Department, Reykjavik, Iceland. |
| Zhou H |
|
Zhou |
Hang |
H |
|
Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA. |
| He J |
|
He |
June |
J |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Baranger DAA |
|
Baranger |
David A A |
DAA |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. |
| Gudbjartsson DF |
|
Gudbjartsson |
Daniel F |
DF |
|
Statistics Department, Reykjavik, Iceland; School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Iceland University, Reykjavik, Iceland. |
| Wedow R |
|
Wedow |
Robbee |
R |
|
Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. |
| Adkins DE |
|
Adkins |
Daniel E |
DE |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Adkins AE |
|
Adkins |
Amy E |
AE |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Alexander J |
|
Alexander |
Jeffry |
J |
|
Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Bacanu SA |
|
Bacanu |
Silviu-Alin |
SA |
|
Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Bigdeli TB |
|
Bigdeli |
Tim B |
TB |
|
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA. |
| Boden J |
|
Boden |
Joseph |
J |
|
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. |
| Brown SA |
|
Brown |
Sandra A |
SA |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Psychology and Office of Research Affairs, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. |
| Bucholz KK |
|
Bucholz |
Kathleen K |
KK |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Bybjerg-Grauholm J |
|
Bybjerg-Grauholm |
Jonas |
J |
|
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department for Congenital Disorders, Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
| Corley RP |
|
Corley |
Robin P |
RP |
|
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| Degenhardt L |
|
Degenhardt |
Louisa |
L |
|
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. |
| Dick DM |
|
Dick |
Danielle M |
DM |
|
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Domingue BW |
|
Domingue |
Benjamin W |
BW |
|
Stanford University Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. |
| Fox L |
|
Fox |
Louis |
L |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Goate AM |
|
Goate |
Alison M |
AM |
|
Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. |
| Gordon SD |
|
Gordon |
Scott D |
SD |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
| Hack LM |
|
Hack |
Laura M |
LM |
|
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. |
| Hancock DB |
|
Hancock |
Dana B |
DB |
|
GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA. |
| Hartz SM |
|
Hartz |
Sarah M |
SM |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Hickie IB |
|
Hickie |
Ian B |
IB |
|
Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. |
| Hougaard DM |
|
Hougaard |
David M |
DM |
|
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department for Congenital Disorders, Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
| Krauter K |
|
Krauter |
Kenneth |
K |
|
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| Lind PA |
|
Lind |
Penelope A |
PA |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
| McClintick JN |
|
McClintick |
Jeanette N |
JN |
|
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. |
| McQueen MB |
|
McQueen |
Matthew B |
MB |
|
Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| Meyers JL |
|
Meyers |
Jacquelyn L |
JL |
|
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA. |
| Montgomery GW |
|
Montgomery |
Grant W |
GW |
|
Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia. |
| Mors O |
|
Mors |
Ole |
O |
|
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. |
| Mortensen PB |
|
Mortensen |
Preben B |
PB |
|
National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark. |
| Nordentoft M |
|
Nordentoft |
Merete |
M |
|
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
| Pearson JF |
|
Pearson |
John F |
JF |
|
Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. |
| Peterson RE |
|
Peterson |
Roseann E |
RE |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Reynolds MD |
|
Reynolds |
Maureen D |
MD |
|
School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. |
| Rice JP |
|
Rice |
John P |
JP |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Runarsdottir V |
|
Runarsdottir |
Valgerdur |
V |
|
SAA-National Center of Addiction Medicine, Vogur Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland. |
| Saccone NL |
|
Saccone |
Nancy L |
NL |
|
Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Sherva R |
|
Sherva |
Richard |
R |
|
Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. |
| Silberg JL |
|
Silberg |
Judy L |
JL |
|
Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Tarter RE |
|
Tarter |
Ralph E |
RE |
|
School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. |
| Tyrfingsson T |
|
Tyrfingsson |
Thorarinn |
T |
|
SAA-National Center of Addiction Medicine, Vogur Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland. |
| Wall TL |
|
Wall |
Tamara L |
TL |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. |
| Webb BT |
|
Webb |
Bradley T |
BT |
|
Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Werge T |
|
Werge |
Thomas |
T |
|
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, and Center for GeoGenetics, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
| Wetherill L |
|
Wetherill |
Leah |
L |
|
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. |
| Wright MJ |
|
Wright |
Margaret J |
MJ |
|
Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia. |
| Zellers S |
|
Zellers |
Stephanie |
S |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. |
| Adams MJ |
|
Adams |
Mark J |
MJ |
|
Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. |
| Bierut LJ |
|
Bierut |
Laura J |
LJ |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Boardman JD |
|
Boardman |
Jason D |
JD |
|
Institute of Behavioral Science and Department of Sociology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| Copeland WE |
|
Copeland |
William E |
WE |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA. |
| Farrer LA |
|
Farrer |
Lindsay A |
LA |
|
Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. |
| Foroud TM |
|
Foroud |
Tatiana M |
TM |
|
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. |
| Gillespie NA |
|
Gillespie |
Nathan A |
NA |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Grucza RA |
|
Grucza |
Richard A |
RA |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Harris KM |
|
Harris |
Kathleen Mullan |
KM |
|
Department of Sociology, and The Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. |
| Heath AC |
|
Heath |
Andrew C |
AC |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Hesselbrock V |
|
Hesselbrock |
Victor |
V |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA. |
| Hewitt JK |
|
Hewitt |
John K |
JK |
|
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| Hopfer CJ |
|
Hopfer |
Christian J |
CJ |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA. |
| Horwood J |
|
Horwood |
John |
J |
|
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. |
| Iacono WG |
|
Iacono |
William G |
WG |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. |
| Johnson EO |
|
Johnson |
Eric O |
EO |
|
GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA. |
| Kendler KS |
|
Kendler |
Kenneth S |
KS |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Kennedy MA |
|
Kennedy |
Martin A |
MA |
|
Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. |
| Kranzler HR |
|
Kranzler |
Henry R |
HR |
|
Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA. |
| Madden PAF |
|
Madden |
Pamela A F |
PAF |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Maes HH |
|
Maes |
Hermine H |
HH |
|
Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Maher BS |
|
Maher |
Brion S |
BS |
|
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. |
| Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
| McGue M |
|
McGue |
Matthew |
M |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. |
| McIntosh AM |
|
McIntosh |
Andrew M |
AM |
|
Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. |
| Medland SE |
|
Medland |
Sarah E |
SE |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
| Nelson EC |
|
Nelson |
Elliot C |
EC |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
| Porjesz B |
|
Porjesz |
Bernice |
B |
|
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Laboratory, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA. |
| Riley BP |
|
Riley |
Brien P |
BP |
|
Virginia Commonwealth University Alcohol Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. |
| Stallings MC |
|
Stallings |
Michael C |
MC |
|
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA. |
| Vanyukov MM |
|
Vanyukov |
Michael M |
MM |
|
School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. |
| Vrieze S |
|
Vrieze |
Scott |
S |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. |
|
Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders Workgroup |
|
|
|
|
|
| Davis LK |
|
Davis |
Lea K |
LK |
|
Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. |
| Bogdan R |
|
Bogdan |
Ryan |
R |
|
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. |
| Gelernter J |
|
Gelernter |
Joel |
J |
|
Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Genetics, and Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA. |
| Edenberg HJ |
|
Edenberg |
Howard J |
HJ |
|
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. |
| Stefansson K |
|
Stefansson |
Kari |
K |
|
deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. |
| Børglum AD |
|
Børglum |
Anders D |
AD |
|
Department of Biomedicine-Human Genetics and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark. |
| Agrawal A |
|
Agrawal |
Arpana |
A |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. |
|
| INVESTIGATORS |
|
| LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
| Walters |
Raymond |
R |
|
| Polimanti |
Renato |
R |
|
| Johnson |
Emma |
E |
|
| McClintick |
Jeanette |
J |
|
| Hatoum |
Alexander |
A |
|
| He |
June |
J |
|
| Wendt |
Frank |
F |
|
| Zhou |
Hang |
H |
|
| Adams |
Mark |
M |
|
| Adkins |
Amy |
A |
|
| Aliev |
Fazil |
F |
|
| Bacanu |
Silviu-Alin |
SA |
|
| Batzler |
Anthony |
A |
|
| Bertelsen |
Sarah |
S |
|
| Biernacka |
Joanna |
J |
|
| Bigdeli |
Tim |
T |
|
| Chen |
Li-Shiun |
LS |
|
| Clarke |
Toni-Kim |
TK |
|
| Chou |
Yi-Ling |
YL |
|
| Degenhardt |
Franziska |
F |
|
| Docherty |
Anna |
A |
|
| Edwards |
Alexis |
A |
|
| Fontanillas |
Pierre |
P |
|
| Foo |
Jerome |
J |
|
| Fox |
Louis |
L |
|
| Frank |
Josef |
J |
|
| Giegling |
Ina |
I |
|
| Gordon |
Scott |
S |
|
| Hack |
Laura |
L |
|
| Hartmann |
Annette |
A |
|
| Hartz |
Sarah |
S |
|
| Heilmann-Heimbach |
Stefanie |
S |
|
| Herms |
Stefan |
S |
|
| Hodgkinson |
Colin |
C |
|
| Hoffman |
Per |
P |
|
| Hottenga |
Jouke |
J |
|
| Kennedy |
Martin |
M |
|
| Alanne-Kinnunen |
Mervi |
M |
|
| Konte |
Bettina |
B |
|
| Lahti |
Jari |
J |
|
| Lahti-Pulkkinen |
Marius |
M |
|
| Lai |
Dongbing |
D |
|
| Ligthart |
Lannie |
L |
|
| Loukola |
Anu |
A |
|
| Maher |
Brion |
B |
|
| Mbarek |
Hamdi |
H |
|
| McIntosh |
Andrew |
A |
|
| McQueen |
Matthew |
M |
|
| Meyers |
Jacquelyn |
J |
|
| Milaneschi |
Yuri |
Y |
|
| Palviainen |
Teemu |
T |
|
| Pearson |
John |
J |
|
| Peterson |
Roseann |
R |
|
| Ripatti |
Samuli |
S |
|
| Ryu |
Euijung |
E |
|
| Saccone |
Nancy |
N |
|
| Salvatore |
Jessica |
J |
|
| Sanchez-Roige |
Sandra |
S |
|
| Schwandt |
Melanie |
M |
|
| Sherva |
Richard |
R |
|
| Streit |
Fabian |
F |
|
| Strohmaier |
Jana |
J |
|
| Thomas |
Nathaniel |
N |
|
| Wang |
Jen-Chyong |
JC |
|
| Webb |
Bradley |
B |
|
| Wedow |
Robbee |
R |
|
| Wetherill |
Leah |
L |
|
| Wills |
Amanda |
A |
|
| Boardman |
Jason |
J |
|
| Chen |
Danfeng |
D |
|
| Choi |
Doo-Sup |
DS |
|
| Copeland |
William |
W |
|
| Culverhouse |
Robert |
R |
|
| Dahmen |
Norbert |
N |
|
| Degenhardt |
Louisa |
L |
|
| Domingue |
Benjamin |
B |
|
| Elson |
Sarah |
S |
|
| Frye |
Mark |
M |
|
| Gäbel |
Wolfgang |
W |
|
| Hayward |
Caroline |
C |
|
| Ising |
Marcus |
M |
|
| Keyes |
Margaret |
M |
|
| Kiefer |
Falk |
F |
|
| Kramer |
John |
J |
|
| Kuperman |
Samuel |
S |
|
| Lucae |
Susanne |
S |
|
| Lynskey |
Michael |
M |
|
| Maier |
Wolfgang |
W |
|
| Mann |
Karl |
K |
|
| Männistö |
Satu |
S |
|
| Müller-Myhsok |
Bertram |
B |
|
| Murray |
Alison |
A |
|
| Nurnberger |
John |
J |
|
| Palotie |
Aarno |
A |
|
| Preuss |
Ulrich |
U |
|
| Räikkönen |
Katri |
K |
|
| Reynolds |
Maureen |
M |
|
| Ridinger |
Monika |
M |
|
| Scherbaum |
Norbert |
N |
|
| Schuckit |
Marc |
M |
|
| Soyka |
Michael |
M |
|
| Treutlein |
Jens |
J |
|
| Witt |
Stephanie |
S |
|
| Wodarz |
Norbert |
N |
|
| Zill |
Peter |
P |
|
| Adkins |
Daniel |
D |
|
| Boden |
Joseph |
J |
|
| Boomsma |
Dorret |
D |
|
| Bierut |
Laura |
L |
|
| Brown |
Sandra |
S |
|
| Bucholz |
Kathleen |
K |
|
| Cichon |
Sven |
S |
|
| Costello |
E Jane |
EJ |
|
| de Wit |
Harriet |
H |
|
| Diazgranados |
Nancy |
N |
|
| Dick |
Danielle |
D |
|
| Eriksson |
Johan |
J |
|
| Farrer |
Lindsay |
L |
|
| Foroud |
Tatiana |
T |
|
| Gillespie |
Nathan |
N |
|
| Goate |
Alison |
A |
|
| Goldman |
David |
D |
|
| Grucza |
Richard |
R |
|
| Hancock |
Dana |
D |
|
| Harris |
Kathleen Mullan |
KM |
|
| Heath |
Andrew |
A |
|
| Hesselbrock |
Victor |
V |
|
| Hewitt |
John |
J |
|
| Hopfer |
Christian |
C |
|
| Horwood |
John |
J |
|
| Iacono |
William |
W |
|
| Johnson |
Eric |
E |
|
| Kaprio |
Jaakko |
J |
|
| Karpyak |
Victor |
V |
|
| Kendler |
Kenneth |
K |
|
| Kranzler |
Henry |
H |
|
| Krauter |
Kenneth |
K |
|
| Lichtenstein |
Paul |
P |
|
| Lind |
Penelope |
P |
|
| McGue |
Matt |
M |
|
| MacKillop |
James |
J |
|
| Madden |
Pamela |
P |
|
| Maes |
Hermine |
H |
|
| Magnusson |
Patrik |
P |
|
| Martin |
Nicholas |
N |
|
| Medland |
Sarah |
S |
|
| Montgomery |
Grant |
G |
|
| Nelson |
Elliot |
E |
|
| Nöthen |
Markus |
M |
|
| Palmer |
Abraham |
A |
|
| Pederson |
Nancy |
N |
|
| Penninx |
Brenda |
B |
|
| Porjesz |
Bernice |
B |
|
| Rice |
John |
J |
|
| Rietschel |
Marcella |
M |
|
| Riley |
Brien |
B |
|
| Rose |
Richard |
R |
|
| Rujescu |
Dan |
D |
|
| Shen |
Pei-Hong |
PH |
|
| Silberg |
Judy |
J |
|
| Stallings |
Michael |
M |
|
| Tarter |
Ralph |
R |
|
| Vanyukov |
Michael |
M |
|
| Vrieze |
Scott |
S |
|
| Wall |
Tamara |
T |
|
| Whitfield |
John |
J |
|
| Zhao |
Hongyu |
H |
|
| Neale |
Benjamin |
B |
|
| Gelernter |
Joel |
J |
|
| Edenberg |
Howard |
H |
|
| Agrawal |
Arpana |
A |
|
|
| JOURNAL |
|
| VOLUME: 7 |
| ISSUE: 12 |
| TITLE: The lancet. Psychiatry |
| ISOABBREVIATION: Lancet Psychiatry |
| YEAR: 2020 |
| MONTH: 12 |
| DAY: |
| MEDLINEDATE: |
| SEASON: |
| CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
| ISSN: 2215-0374 |
| ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
|
| MEDLINE JOURNAL |
|
| MEDLINETA: Lancet Psychiatry |
| COUNTRY: England |
| ISSNLINKING: 2215-0366 |
| NLMUNIQUEID: 101638123 |
|
| PUBLICATION TYPE |
|
| PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
| Journal Article |
| Meta-Analysis |
| Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
| Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
|
| COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
|
| REFTYPE |
REFSOURCE |
REFPMID |
NOTE |
| CommentIn |
Lancet Psychiatry. 2020 Dec;7(12):1002-1003 |
33096047 |
|
|
| GRANTS |
|
| GRANTID |
AGENCY |
COUNTRY |
| R21 AA027827 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH048085 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R37 DA005147 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA016977 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| MC_UU_00007/10 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
| R01 DA005147 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| RC2 DA028909 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA036216 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K24 DA032555 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U24 DA041147 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| UL1 TR000445 |
NCATS NIH HHS |
United States |
| R37 AA009367 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K02 DA032573 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K23 MH080230 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA035804 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA007535 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AG061162 |
NIA NIH HHS |
United States |
| P01 HD031921 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 HG004438 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041120 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA014041 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K05 AA017688 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| N01HG65403 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 HG004446 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA012690 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA009367 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R21 DC018098 |
NIDCD NIH HHS |
United States |
| P20 AA017828 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA012849 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| P50 AA011998 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH063970 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 HD060726 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA007728 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA024413 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041093 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA021905 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U19 HL065962 |
NHLBI NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH118233 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA021913 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 HD073342 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA017444 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| P01 CA089392 |
NCI NIH HHS |
United States |
| F32 MH122058 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH077874 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| U24 DA041123 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH117559 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| S10 RR025141 |
NCRR NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA051038 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R21 DA047527 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA019157 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA024413 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R56 DA012854 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041134 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041022 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R21 DA046791 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH068521 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA024417 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA026911 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA013321 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA018432 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041156 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA025109 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 HG008983 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 HD093651 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA034076 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R03 HD097630 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| HHSN268200782096C |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
| U54 EB020403 |
NIBIB NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA042755 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA024417 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 HD050735 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 HG004422 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
| R21 DA038504 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041025 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| P30 DA023026 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA019963 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA013423 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 MH109514 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 HD074711 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| P50 AA022537 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH066140 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| RC2 GM092618 |
NIGMS NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA012845 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041089 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K02 AA018755 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA011330 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041106 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| T32 DA007261 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA012854 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| P50 GM115305 |
NIGMS NIH HHS |
United States |
| R00 DA023549 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K08 DA019951 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041117 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA017535 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K01 MH093731 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA037904 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA017305 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041028 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041048 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 HG006378 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
| K01 MH113848 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA018673 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 MH109532 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041148 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| T32 MH018951 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH083094 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| UL1 RR024975 |
NCRR NIH HHS |
United States |
|
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
| R01 DA011301 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| F32 AA027435 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 NS032830 |
NINDS NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA011408 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 HG004798 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
| U10 AA008401 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| P2C HD066613 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| R37 AA007728 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| UL1 TR002243 |
NCATS NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH063671 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 MH123619 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R56 MH120736 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA044283 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U01 DA041174 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA013320 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| P60 DA011015 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA013240 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| P50 DA005605 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
|
| GENERAL NOTE |
|
|
| KEYWORDS |
|
|
| MESH HEADINGS |
|
| DESCRIPTORNAME |
QUALIFIERNAME |
| Genome-Wide Association Study |
|
| Humans |
|
| Marijuana Abuse |
genetics |
| Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide |
genetics |
| Risk |
genetics |
|
| SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
|
|
| GENE SYMBOLS |
|
|
| CHEMICALS |
|
|
| OTHER ID's |
|
|
|
