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| PMID |
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| TITLE |
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| New insight into human sweet taste: a genome-wide association study of the perception and intake of sweet substances. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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| BACKGROUND |
NlmCategory: BACKGROUND |
| Individual differences in human perception of sweetness are partly due to genetics; however, which genes are associated with the perception and the consumption of sweet substances remains unclear. |
| OBJECTIVE |
NlmCategory: OBJECTIVE |
| Individual differences in human perception of sweetness are partly due to genetics; however, which genes are associated with the perception and the consumption of sweet substances remains unclear. The aim of this study was to verify previous reported associations within genes involved in the peripheral receptor systems (i.e., TAS1R2, TAS1R3, and GNAT3) and reveal novel loci. |
| METHODS |
NlmCategory: METHODS |
| Individual differences in human perception of sweetness are partly due to genetics; however, which genes are associated with the perception and the consumption of sweet substances remains unclear. The aim of this study was to verify previous reported associations within genes involved in the peripheral receptor systems (i.e., TAS1R2, TAS1R3, and GNAT3) and reveal novel loci. We performed genome-wide association scans (GWASs) of the perceived intensity of 2 sugars (glucose and fructose) and 2 high-potency sweeteners (neohesperidin dihydrochalcone and aspartame) in an Australian adolescent twin sample (n = 1757), and the perceived intensity and sweetness and the liking of sucrose in a US adult twin sample (n = 686). We further performed GWASs of the intake of total sugars (i.e., total grams of all dietary mono- and disaccharides per day) and sweets (i.e., handfuls of candies per day) in the UK Biobank sample (n = ≤174,424 white-British individuals). All participants from the 3 independent samples were of European ancestry. |
| RESULTS |
NlmCategory: RESULTS |
| Individual differences in human perception of sweetness are partly due to genetics; however, which genes are associated with the perception and the consumption of sweet substances remains unclear. The aim of this study was to verify previous reported associations within genes involved in the peripheral receptor systems (i.e., TAS1R2, TAS1R3, and GNAT3) and reveal novel loci. We performed genome-wide association scans (GWASs) of the perceived intensity of 2 sugars (glucose and fructose) and 2 high-potency sweeteners (neohesperidin dihydrochalcone and aspartame) in an Australian adolescent twin sample (n = 1757), and the perceived intensity and sweetness and the liking of sucrose in a US adult twin sample (n = 686). We further performed GWASs of the intake of total sugars (i.e., total grams of all dietary mono- and disaccharides per day) and sweets (i.e., handfuls of candies per day) in the UK Biobank sample (n = ≤174,424 white-British individuals). All participants from the 3 independent samples were of European ancestry. We found a strong association between the intake of total sugars and the single nucleotide polymorphism rs11642841 within the FTO gene on chromosome 16 (P = 3.8 × 10-8) and many suggestive associations (P < 1.0 × 10-5) for each of the sweet perception and intake phenotypes. We showed genetic evidence for the involvement of the brain in both sweet taste perception and sugar intake. There was limited support for the associations with TAS1R2, TAS1R3, and GNAT3 in all 3 European samples. |
| CONCLUSIONS |
NlmCategory: CONCLUSIONS |
| Individual differences in human perception of sweetness are partly due to genetics; however, which genes are associated with the perception and the consumption of sweet substances remains unclear. The aim of this study was to verify previous reported associations within genes involved in the peripheral receptor systems (i.e., TAS1R2, TAS1R3, and GNAT3) and reveal novel loci. We performed genome-wide association scans (GWASs) of the perceived intensity of 2 sugars (glucose and fructose) and 2 high-potency sweeteners (neohesperidin dihydrochalcone and aspartame) in an Australian adolescent twin sample (n = 1757), and the perceived intensity and sweetness and the liking of sucrose in a US adult twin sample (n = 686). We further performed GWASs of the intake of total sugars (i.e., total grams of all dietary mono- and disaccharides per day) and sweets (i.e., handfuls of candies per day) in the UK Biobank sample (n = ≤174,424 white-British individuals). All participants from the 3 independent samples were of European ancestry. We found a strong association between the intake of total sugars and the single nucleotide polymorphism rs11642841 within the FTO gene on chromosome 16 (P = 3.8 × 10-8) and many suggestive associations (P < 1.0 × 10-5) for each of the sweet perception and intake phenotypes. We showed genetic evidence for the involvement of the brain in both sweet taste perception and sugar intake. There was limited support for the associations with TAS1R2, TAS1R3, and GNAT3 in all 3 European samples. Our findings indicate that genes additional to those involved in the peripheral receptor system are also associated with the sweet taste perception and intake of sweet-tasting foods. The functional potency of the genetic variants within TAS1R2, TAS1R3, and GNAT3 may be different between ethnic groups and this warrants further investigations. |
| Copyright © American Society for Nutrition 2019. |
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| DATE PUBLISHED |
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| HISTORY |
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| PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
| received |
2018/10/31 |
| accepted |
2019/03/01 |
| entrez |
2019/04/22 06:00 |
| pubmed |
2019/04/22 06:00 |
| medline |
2019/04/22 06:00 |
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| AUTHORS |
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| NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
| Hwang LD |
|
Hwang |
Liang-Dar |
LD |
|
Faculty of Medicine. |
| Lin C |
|
Lin |
Cailu |
C |
|
Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA. |
| Gharahkhani P |
|
Gharahkhani |
Puya |
P |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Cuellar-Partida G |
|
Cuellar-Partida |
Gabriel |
G |
|
Faculty of Medicine. |
| Ong JS |
|
Ong |
Jue-Sheng |
JS |
|
Faculty of Medicine. |
| An J |
|
An |
Jiyuan |
J |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Gordon SD |
|
Gordon |
Scott D |
SD |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Zhu G |
|
Zhu |
Gu |
G |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| MacGregor S |
|
MacGregor |
Stuart |
S |
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QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Lawlor DA |
|
Lawlor |
Deborah A |
DA |
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Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom. |
| Breslin PAS |
|
Breslin |
Paul A S |
PAS |
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Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. |
| Wright MJ |
|
Wright |
Margaret J |
MJ |
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Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Reed DR |
|
Reed |
Danielle R |
DR |
|
Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA. |
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| INVESTIGATORS |
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| JOURNAL |
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| VOLUME: |
| ISSUE: |
| TITLE: The American journal of clinical nutrition |
| ISOABBREVIATION: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. |
| YEAR: 2019 |
| MONTH: Apr |
| DAY: 21 |
| MEDLINEDATE: |
| SEASON: |
| CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
| ISSN: 1938-3207 |
| ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
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| MEDLINE JOURNAL |
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| MEDLINETA: Am J Clin Nutr |
| COUNTRY: United States |
| ISSNLINKING: 0002-9165 |
| NLMUNIQUEID: 0376027 |
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| PUBLICATION TYPE |
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| PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
| Journal Article |
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| COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
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| GRANTS |
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| GENERAL NOTE |
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| KEYWORDS |
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| KEYWORD |
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FTO
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| BMI |
| genome-wide association scan |
| perception |
| preference |
| sugar intake |
| sweet taste |
| taste receptor |
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| MESH HEADINGS |
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| SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
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| GENE SYMBOLS |
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| CHEMICALS |
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