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| PMID |
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| TITLE |
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| Genetic Structure of IQ, Phonemic Decoding Skill, and Academic Achievement. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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| The aim of this study was to examine whether phonemic decoding skill (deficits of which characterize dyslexia) shares genetic and/or environmental covariance with scholastic abilities independent of general intelligence. Non-word reading ability, verbal and non-verbal IQ, and standardized academic achievement (Queensland Core Skills Test; QCST) were measured in Australian twins (up to 876 twin pairs and 80 singleton twins). Multivariate genetic analysis showed the presence of a general genetic factor, likely reflecting crystallized ability, which accounted for 45-76% of phenotypic variance in QCST scores, 62% of variance in Verbal IQ, 23% of variance in Performance IQ, and 19% of variance in phonological reading ability. The phonemic decoding genetic factor (explaining 48% of variance in phonemic decoding) was negatively associated with mathematical achievement scores (0.4%). Shared effects of common environment did not explain the relationship between reading ability and academic achievement beyond those also influencing IQ. The unique environmental reading factor (accounting for 26% of variance) influenced academic abilities related to written expression. Future research will need to address whether these reading-specific genetic and unique environment relationships arise from causal effects of reading on scholastic abilities, or whether both share a common influence, such as pleiotropic genes/environmental factors. |
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| DATE PUBLISHED |
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| HISTORY |
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| PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
| received |
2018/10/01 |
| accepted |
2019/02/25 |
| entrez |
2019/04/06 06:00 |
| pubmed |
2019/04/06 06:00 |
| medline |
2019/04/06 06:01 |
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| AUTHORS |
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| NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
| Lazaroo NK |
|
Lazaroo |
Nikita K |
NK |
|
Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. |
| Bates TC |
|
Bates |
Timothy C |
TC |
|
Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. |
| Hansell NK |
|
Hansell |
Narelle K |
NK |
|
Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
| Wright MJ |
|
Wright |
Margaret J |
MJ |
|
Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
| Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. |
| Luciano M |
|
Luciano |
Michelle |
M |
|
Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. |
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| INVESTIGATORS |
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| JOURNAL |
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| VOLUME: 10 |
| ISSUE: |
| TITLE: Frontiers in genetics |
| ISOABBREVIATION: Front Genet |
| YEAR: 2019 |
| MONTH: |
| DAY: |
| MEDLINEDATE: |
| SEASON: |
| CITEDMEDIUM: Print |
| ISSN: 1664-8021 |
| ISSNTYPE: Print |
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| MEDLINE JOURNAL |
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| MEDLINETA: Front Genet |
| COUNTRY: Switzerland |
| ISSNLINKING: 1664-8021 |
| NLMUNIQUEID: 101560621 |
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| PUBLICATION TYPE |
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| PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
| Journal Article |
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| COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
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| GRANTS |
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| GENERAL NOTE |
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| KEYWORDS |
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| KEYWORD |
| intelligence |
| multivariate modeling |
| reading ability |
| scholastic achievement |
| twin design |
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| MESH HEADINGS |
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| SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
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| GENE SYMBOLS |
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| CHEMICALS |
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| OTHER ID's |
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