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| PMID |
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| TITLE |
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| Testing associations between cannabis use and subcortical volumes in two large population-based samples. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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| BACKGROUND AND AIMS |
NlmCategory: OBJECTIVE |
| Disentangling the putative impact of cannabis on brain morphology from other comorbid substance use is critical. After controlling for the effects of nicotine, alcohol and multi-substance use, this study aimed to determine whether frequent cannabis use is associated with significantly smaller subcortical grey matter volumes. |
| DESIGN |
NlmCategory: METHODS |
| Disentangling the putative impact of cannabis on brain morphology from other comorbid substance use is critical. After controlling for the effects of nicotine, alcohol and multi-substance use, this study aimed to determine whether frequent cannabis use is associated with significantly smaller subcortical grey matter volumes. Exploratory analyses using mixed linear models, one per region of interest (ROI), were performed whereby individual differences in volume (outcome) at seven subcortical ROIs were regressed onto cannabis and comorbid substance use (predictors). |
| SETTING |
NlmCategory: METHODS |
| Disentangling the putative impact of cannabis on brain morphology from other comorbid substance use is critical. After controlling for the effects of nicotine, alcohol and multi-substance use, this study aimed to determine whether frequent cannabis use is associated with significantly smaller subcortical grey matter volumes. Exploratory analyses using mixed linear models, one per region of interest (ROI), were performed whereby individual differences in volume (outcome) at seven subcortical ROIs were regressed onto cannabis and comorbid substance use (predictors). Two large population-based twin samples from the United States and Australia. |
| PARTICIPANTS |
NlmCategory: METHODS |
| Disentangling the putative impact of cannabis on brain morphology from other comorbid substance use is critical. After controlling for the effects of nicotine, alcohol and multi-substance use, this study aimed to determine whether frequent cannabis use is associated with significantly smaller subcortical grey matter volumes. Exploratory analyses using mixed linear models, one per region of interest (ROI), were performed whereby individual differences in volume (outcome) at seven subcortical ROIs were regressed onto cannabis and comorbid substance use (predictors). Two large population-based twin samples from the United States and Australia. A total of 622 young Australian adults [66% female; μ = 25.9, standard deviation SD) = 3.6] and 474 middle-aged US males (μ = 56.1 ) of predominately Anglo-Saxon ancestry with complete substance use and imaging data. Subjects with a history of stroke or traumatic brain injury were excluded. |
| MEASUREMENTS |
NlmCategory: METHODS |
| Disentangling the putative impact of cannabis on brain morphology from other comorbid substance use is critical. After controlling for the effects of nicotine, alcohol and multi-substance use, this study aimed to determine whether frequent cannabis use is associated with significantly smaller subcortical grey matter volumes. Exploratory analyses using mixed linear models, one per region of interest (ROI), were performed whereby individual differences in volume (outcome) at seven subcortical ROIs were regressed onto cannabis and comorbid substance use (predictors). Two large population-based twin samples from the United States and Australia. A total of 622 young Australian adults [66% female; μ = 25.9, standard deviation SD) = 3.6] and 474 middle-aged US males (μ = 56.1 ) of predominately Anglo-Saxon ancestry with complete substance use and imaging data. Subjects with a history of stroke or traumatic brain injury were excluded. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and volumetric segmentation methods were used to estimate volume in seven subcortical ROIs: thalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. Substance use measurements included maximum nicotine and alcohol use, total life-time multi-substance use, maximum cannabis use in the young adults and regular cannabis use in the middle-aged males. |
| FINDINGS |
NlmCategory: RESULTS |
| Disentangling the putative impact of cannabis on brain morphology from other comorbid substance use is critical. After controlling for the effects of nicotine, alcohol and multi-substance use, this study aimed to determine whether frequent cannabis use is associated with significantly smaller subcortical grey matter volumes. Exploratory analyses using mixed linear models, one per region of interest (ROI), were performed whereby individual differences in volume (outcome) at seven subcortical ROIs were regressed onto cannabis and comorbid substance use (predictors). Two large population-based twin samples from the United States and Australia. A total of 622 young Australian adults [66% female; μ = 25.9, standard deviation SD) = 3.6] and 474 middle-aged US males (μ = 56.1 ) of predominately Anglo-Saxon ancestry with complete substance use and imaging data. Subjects with a history of stroke or traumatic brain injury were excluded. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and volumetric segmentation methods were used to estimate volume in seven subcortical ROIs: thalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. Substance use measurements included maximum nicotine and alcohol use, total life-time multi-substance use, maximum cannabis use in the young adults and regular cannabis use in the middle-aged males. After correcting for multiple testing (P = 0.007), cannabis use was unrelated to any subcortical ROI. However, maximum nicotine use was associated with significantly smaller thalamus volumes in middle-aged males. |
| CONCLUSIONS |
NlmCategory: CONCLUSIONS |
| Disentangling the putative impact of cannabis on brain morphology from other comorbid substance use is critical. After controlling for the effects of nicotine, alcohol and multi-substance use, this study aimed to determine whether frequent cannabis use is associated with significantly smaller subcortical grey matter volumes. Exploratory analyses using mixed linear models, one per region of interest (ROI), were performed whereby individual differences in volume (outcome) at seven subcortical ROIs were regressed onto cannabis and comorbid substance use (predictors). Two large population-based twin samples from the United States and Australia. A total of 622 young Australian adults [66% female; μ = 25.9, standard deviation SD) = 3.6] and 474 middle-aged US males (μ = 56.1 ) of predominately Anglo-Saxon ancestry with complete substance use and imaging data. Subjects with a history of stroke or traumatic brain injury were excluded. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and volumetric segmentation methods were used to estimate volume in seven subcortical ROIs: thalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. Substance use measurements included maximum nicotine and alcohol use, total life-time multi-substance use, maximum cannabis use in the young adults and regular cannabis use in the middle-aged males. After correcting for multiple testing (P = 0.007), cannabis use was unrelated to any subcortical ROI. However, maximum nicotine use was associated with significantly smaller thalamus volumes in middle-aged males. In exploratory analyses based on young adult and middle-aged samples, normal variation in cannabis use is unrelated statistically to individual differences in brain morphology as measured by subcortical volume. |
| © 2018 Society for the Study of Addiction. |
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| DATE PUBLISHED |
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| HISTORY |
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| PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
| received |
2017/02/13 |
| revised |
2017/05/26 |
| accepted |
2018/04/06 |
| pubmed |
2018/04/25 06:00 |
| medline |
2018/04/25 06:00 |
| entrez |
2018/04/26 06:00 |
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| AUTHORS |
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| NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
| Gillespie NA |
|
Gillespie |
Nathan A |
NA |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD, Australia. |
| Neale MC |
|
Neale |
Michael C |
MC |
|
Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavior Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA, USA. |
| Bates TC |
|
Bates |
Timothy C |
TC |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK. |
| Eyler LT |
|
Eyler |
Lisa T |
LT |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA. |
| Fennema-Notestine C |
|
Fennema-Notestine |
Christine |
C |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA. |
| Vassileva J |
|
Vassileva |
Jasmin |
J |
|
Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA, USA. |
| Lyons MJ |
|
Lyons |
Michael J |
MJ |
|
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. |
| Prom-Wormley EC |
|
Prom-Wormley |
Elizabeth C |
EC |
|
Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA, USA. |
| McMahon KL |
|
McMahon |
Katie L |
KL |
|
Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia. |
| Thompson PM |
|
Thompson |
Paul M |
PM |
|
Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia. |
| de Zubicaray G |
|
de Zubicaray |
Greig |
G |
|
Faculty of Health and Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. |
| Hickie IB |
|
Hickie |
Ian B |
IB |
|
Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. |
| McGrath JJ |
|
McGrath |
John J |
JJ |
|
VA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, CA, USA. |
| Strike LT |
|
Strike |
Lachlan T |
LT |
|
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia. |
| Rentería ME |
|
Rentería |
Miguel E |
ME |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD, Australia. |
| Panizzon MS |
|
Panizzon |
Matthew S |
MS |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA. |
| Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, QLD, Australia. |
| Franz CE |
|
Franz |
Carol E |
CE |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA. |
| Kremen WS |
|
Kremen |
William S |
WS |
|
VA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, CA, USA. |
| Wright MJ |
|
Wright |
Margaret J |
MJ |
|
Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia. |
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| INVESTIGATORS |
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| JOURNAL |
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| VOLUME: |
| ISSUE: |
| TITLE: Addiction (Abingdon, England) |
| ISOABBREVIATION: Addiction |
| YEAR: 2018 |
| MONTH: Apr |
| DAY: 24 |
| MEDLINEDATE: |
| SEASON: |
| CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
| ISSN: 1360-0443 |
| ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
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| MEDLINE JOURNAL |
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| MEDLINETA: Addiction |
| COUNTRY: England |
| ISSNLINKING: 0965-2140 |
| NLMUNIQUEID: 9304118 |
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| PUBLICATION TYPE |
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| PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
| Journal Article |
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| COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
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| GRANTS |
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| GRANTID |
AGENCY |
COUNTRY |
| K99 DA023549 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AG022982 |
NIA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AG018386 |
NIA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K08 AG047903 |
NIA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AG018384 |
NIA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R37 DA018673 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA025109 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| U54 EB020403 |
NIBIB NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 HD050735 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| R00 DA023549 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA018673 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R03 AG046413 |
NIA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AG022381 |
NIA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AG050595 |
NIA NIH HHS |
United States |
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| GENERAL NOTE |
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| KEYWORDS |
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| KEYWORD |
| Brain volume |
| cannabis use |
| grey matter |
| imaging |
| multi-substance use |
| subcortical |
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| MESH HEADINGS |
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| SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
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| GENE SYMBOLS |
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| CHEMICALS |
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| OTHER ID's |
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