Genetic Epidemiology, Translational Neurogenomics, Psychiatric Genetics and Statistical Genetics Laboratories investigate the pattern of disease in families, particularly identical and non-identical twins, to assess the relative importance of genes and environment in a variety of important health problems.
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28443625
TITLE
Genome-wide meta-analysis of 241,258 adults accounting for smoking behaviour identifies novel loci for obesity traits.
ABSTRACT
Few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) account for environmental exposures, like smoking, potentially impacting the overall trait variance when investigating the genetic contribution to obesity-related traits. Here, we use GWAS data from 51,080 current smokers and 190,178 nonsmokers (87% European descent) to identify loci influencing BMI and central adiposity, measured as waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio both adjusted for BMI. We identify 23 novel genetic loci, and 9 loci with convincing evidence of gene-smoking interaction (GxSMK) on obesity-related traits. We show consistent direction of effect for all identified loci and significance for 18 novel and for 5 interaction loci in an independent study sample. These loci highlight novel biological functions, including response to oxidative stress, addictive behaviour, and regulatory functions emphasizing the importance of accounting for environment in genetic analyses. Our results suggest that tobacco smoking may alter the genetic susceptibility to overall adiposity and body fat distribution.
DATE PUBLISHED
2017 Apr 26
HISTORY
PUBSTATUS PUBSTATUSDATE
received 2016/06/23
accepted 2017/02/15
entrez 2017/04/27 06:00
pubmed 2017/04/27 06:00
medline 2017/04/27 06:00
AUTHORS
NAME COLLECTIVENAME LASTNAME FORENAME INITIALS AFFILIATION AFFILIATIONINFO
Justice AE Justice Anne E AE Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Winkler TW Winkler Thomas W TW Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Feitosa MF Feitosa Mary F MF Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 USA.
Graff M Graff Misa M Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Fisher VA Fisher Virginia A VA Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Young K Young Kristin K Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Barata L Barata Llilda L Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 USA.
Deng X Deng Xuan X Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Czajkowski J Czajkowski Jacek J Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 USA.
Hadley D Hadley David D TransMed Systems, Inc., Cupertino, California 95014, USA.
Ngwa JS Ngwa Julius S JS Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore Maryland, USA.
Ahluwalia TS Ahluwalia Tarunveer S TS Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.
Chu AY Chu Audrey Y AY Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts USA.
Heard-Costa NL Heard-Costa Nancy L NL Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Lim E Lim Elise E Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Perez J Perez Jeremiah J Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Eicher JD Eicher John D JD Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.
Kutalik Z Kutalik Zoltán Z Swiss instititute of Bioinformatics.
Xue L Xue Luting L Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Mahajan A Mahajan Anubha A Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
Renström F Renström Frida F Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
Wu J Wu Joseph J Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Qi Q Qi Qibin Q Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Ahmad S Ahmad Shafqat S Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Alfred T Alfred Tamuno T The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
Amin N Amin Najaf N Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015GE, The Netherlands.
Bielak LF Bielak Lawrence F LF Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Bonnefond A Bonnefond Amelie A University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur of Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France.
Bragg J Bragg Jennifer J Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Cadby G Cadby Gemma G Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
Chittani M Chittani Martina M Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan,Via A. Di Rudiní, 8 20142, Milano, Italy.
Coggeshall S Coggeshall Scott S Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Corre T Corre Tanguy T Swiss instititute of Bioinformatics.
Direk N Direk Nese N Department of Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Eriksson J Eriksson Joel J Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Fischer K Fischer Krista K Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Gorski M Gorski Mathias M Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Neergaard Harder M Neergaard Harder Marie M The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Horikoshi M Horikoshi Momoko M Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK.
Huang T Huang Tao T Epidemiology Domain, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
Huffman JE Huffman Jennifer E JE MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Jackson AU Jackson Anne U AU Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Justesen JM Justesen Johanne Marie JM The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kanoni S Kanoni Stavroula S William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Kinnunen L Kinnunen Leena L Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271 Finland.
Kleber ME Kleber Marcus E ME Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Komulainen P Komulainen Pirjo P Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
Kumari M Kumari Meena M Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
Lim U Lim Unhee U Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA.
Luan J Luan Jian'an J MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Lyytikäinen LP Lyytikäinen Leo-Pekka LP Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland.
Mangino M Mangino Massimo M NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Manichaikul A Manichaikul Ani A Center for Public Health Genomics and Biostatistics Section, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA.
Marten J Marten Jonathan J MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Middelberg RPS Middelberg Rita P S RPS Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Müller-Nurasyid M Müller-Nurasyid Martina M DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
Navarro P Navarro Pau P MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Pérusse L Pérusse Louis L Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
Pervjakova N Pervjakova Natalia N Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Sarti C Sarti Cinzia C Department of Social and Health Care, City of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Smith AV Smith Albert Vernon AV Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Smith JA Smith Jennifer A JA Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Stančáková A Stančáková Alena A Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
Strawbridge RJ Strawbridge Rona J RJ Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stringham HM Stringham Heather M HM Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Sung YJ Sung Yun Ju YJ Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Tanaka T Tanaka Toshiko T Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore Maryland, USA.
Teumer A Teumer Alexander A Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
Trompet S Trompet Stella S Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
van der Laan SW van der Laan Sander W SW Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Division Heart &Lungs, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
van der Most PJ van der Most Peter J PJ Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk Jana V JV Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
Vedantam SL Vedantam Sailaja L SL Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
Verweij N Verweij Niek N Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Vink JM Vink Jacqueline M JM Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Vitart V Vitart Veronique V MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Wu Y Wu Ying Y Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Yengo L Yengo Loic L University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur of Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France.
Zhang W Zhang Weihua W Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.
Hua Zhao J Hua Zhao Jing J MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Zimmermann ME Zimmermann Martina E ME Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Zubair N Zubair Niha N Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Washington USA.
Abecasis GR Abecasis Gonçalo R GR Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Adair LS Adair Linda S LS Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Afaq S Afaq Saima S Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.
Afzal U Afzal Uzma U Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex, UK.
Bakker SJL Bakker Stephan J L SJL Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Bartz TM Bartz Traci M TM Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.
Beilby J Beilby John J School of Pathology and Laboraty Medicine, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Bergman RN Bergman Richard N RN Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Bergmann S Bergmann Sven S Swiss instititute of Bioinformatics.
Biffar R Biffar Reiner R Clinic for Prosthetic Dentistry, Gerostomatology and Material Science, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
Blangero J Blangero John J South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.
Boerwinkle E Boerwinkle Eric E Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center, PO Box 20186, Houston, Texas 77225, USA.
Bonnycastle LL Bonnycastle Lori L LL Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Bottinger E Bottinger Erwin E Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
Braga D Braga Daniele D Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan,Via A. Di Rudiní, 8 20142, Milano, Italy.
Buckley BM Buckley Brendan M BM Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Ireland.
Buyske S Buyske Steve S Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
Campbell H Campbell Harry H Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Chambers JC Chambers John C JC Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Collins FS Collins Francis S FS Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Curran JE Curran Joanne E JE South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.
de Borst GJ de Borst Gert J GJ Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
de Craen AJM de Craen Anton J M AJM Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
de Geus EJC de Geus Eco J C EJC EMGO+ Institute Vrije Universiteit &Vrije Universiteit Medical Center.
Dedoussis G Dedoussis George G Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Delgado GE Delgado Graciela E GE Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
den Ruijter HM den Ruijter Hester M HM Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Division Heart &Lungs, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Eiriksdottir G Eiriksdottir Gudny G Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.
Eriksson AL Eriksson Anna L AL Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Esko T Esko Tõnu T Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
Faul JD Faul Jessica D JD Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Ford I Ford Ian I Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, UK.
Forrester T Forrester Terrence T Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, JMAAW15 Jamaica.
Gertow K Gertow Karl K Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Gigante B Gigante Bruna B Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Glorioso N Glorioso Nicola N Hypertension and Related Disease Centre, AOU-University of Sassari.
Gong J Gong Jian J Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Washington USA.
Grallert H Grallert Harald H German Center for Diabetes Research, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Grammer TB Grammer Tanja B TB Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Grarup N Grarup Niels N The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Haitjema S Haitjema Saskia S Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Division Heart &Lungs, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Hallmans G Hallmans Göran G Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section for Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Hamsten A Hamsten Anders A Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Hansen T Hansen Torben T The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Harris TB Harris Tamara B TB Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Hartman CA Hartman Catharina A CA Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Hassinen M Hassinen Maija M Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
Hastie ND Hastie Nicholas D ND MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Heath AC Heath Andrew C AC Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Hernandez D Hernandez Dena D Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Hindorff L Hindorff Lucia L Division of Genomic Medicine, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Hocking LJ Hocking Lynne J LJ Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Hollensted M Hollensted Mette M The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Holmen OL Holmen Oddgeir L OL St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Homuth G Homuth Georg G Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
Jan Hottenga J Jan Hottenga Jouke J Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Huang J Huang Jie J Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
Hung J Hung Joseph J Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Hutri-Kähönen N Hutri-Kähönen Nina N Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland.
Ingelsson E Ingelsson Erik E Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 750 85, Sweden.
James AL James Alan L AL Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Jansson JO Jansson John-Olov JO Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Jarvelin MR Jarvelin Marjo-Riitta MR Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, P.O.Box 20, FI-90220, 90029 Oulu, Finland.
Jhun MA Jhun Min A MA Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Jørgensen ME Jørgensen Marit E ME Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.
Juonala M Juonala Markus M Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland.
Kähönen M Kähönen Mika M Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland.
Karlsson M Karlsson Magnus M Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Orthopedics and Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Koistinen HA Koistinen Heikki A HA Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, FI-00290 Finland.
Kolcic I Kolcic Ivana I Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Croatia.
Kolovou G Kolovou Genovefa G Department of Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece.
Kooperberg C Kooperberg Charles C Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Washington USA.
Krämer BK Krämer Bernhard K BK Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Kuusisto J Kuusisto Johanna J Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
Kvaløy K Kvaløy Kirsti K HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway.
Lakka TA Lakka Timo A TA Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland.
Langenberg C Langenberg Claudia C MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Launer LJ Launer Lenore J LJ Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Leander K Leander Karin K Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Lee NR Lee Nanette R NR Department of Anthropology, Sociology and History, University of San Carlos, Cebu City 6000, Philippines.
Lind L Lind Lars L Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden.
Lindgren CM Lindgren Cecilia M CM Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, The Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
Linneberg A Linneberg Allan A Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lobbens S Lobbens Stephane S University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur of Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France.
Loh M Loh Marie M Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Level 5, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
Lorentzon M Lorentzon Mattias M Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Luben R Luben Robert R Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Lubke G Lubke Gitta G Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA.
Ludolph-Donislawski A Ludolph-Donislawski Anja A Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
Lupoli S Lupoli Sara S Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan,Via A. Di Rudiní, 8 20142, Milano, Italy.
Madden PAF Madden Pamela A F PAF Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Männikkö R Männikkö Reija R Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
Marques-Vidal P Marques-Vidal Pedro P Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne university hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Martin NG Martin Nicholas G NG Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
McKenzie CA McKenzie Colin A CA Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, JMAAW15 Jamaica.
McKnight B McKnight Barbara B Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
Mellström D Mellström Dan D Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Menni C Menni Cristina C Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Montgomery GW Montgomery Grant W GW Molecular Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Musk AB Musk Aw Bill AB Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Narisu N Narisu Narisu N Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nauck M Nauck Matthias M Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
Nolte IM Nolte Ilja M IM Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
Oldehinkel AJ Oldehinkel Albertine J AJ Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Olden M Olden Matthias M Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Ong KK Ong Ken K KK MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Padmanabhan S Padmanabhan Sandosh S Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland.
Peyser PA Peyser Patricia A PA Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Pisinger C Pisinger Charlotta C Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Porteous DJ Porteous David J DJ Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh.
Raitakari OT Raitakari Olli T OT Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland.
Rankinen T Rankinen Tuomo T Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Rao DC Rao D C DC Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Rasmussen-Torvik LJ Rasmussen-Torvik Laura J LJ Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Rawal R Rawal Rajesh R Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Rice T Rice Treva T Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Ridker PM Ridker Paul M PM Division of Cardiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Rose LM Rose Lynda M LM Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts USA.
Bien SA Bien Stephanie A SA Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Washington USA.
Rudan I Rudan Igor I Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Sanna S Sanna Serena S Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, 09042, Monserrato, Italy.
Sarzynski MA Sarzynski Mark A MA Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Sattar N Sattar Naveed N BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Glasgow, UK.
Savonen K Savonen Kai K Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
Schlessinger D Schlessinger David D Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Scholtens S Scholtens Salome S Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
Schurmann C Schurmann Claudia C The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
Scott RA Scott Robert A RA MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Sennblad B Sennblad Bengt B Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Siemelink MA Siemelink Marten A MA Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Division Heart &Lungs, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Silbernagel G Silbernagel Günther G Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
Slagboom PE Slagboom P Eline PE Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Snieder H Snieder Harold H Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
Staessen JA Staessen Jan A JA R&D VitaK Group, Maastricht University, Brains Unlimited Building, Oxfordlaan 55, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Stott DJ Stott David J DJ Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK.
Swertz MA Swertz Morris A MA Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
Swift AJ Swift Amy J AJ Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Taylor KD Taylor Kent D KD Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Tayo BO Tayo Bamidele O BO Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 61053, USA.
Thorand B Thorand Barbara B German Center for Diabetes Research, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Thuillier D Thuillier Dorothee D University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur of Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, Lille, France.
Tuomilehto J Tuomilehto Jaakko J Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Uitterlinden AG Uitterlinden Andre G AG Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Vandenput L Vandenput Liesbeth L Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Vohl MC Vohl Marie-Claude MC School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
Völzke H Völzke Henry H Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
Vonk JM Vonk Judith M JM Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
Waeber G Waeber Gérard G Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne university hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Waldenberger M Waldenberger Melanie M Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Westendorp RGJ Westendorp R G J RGJ Department of Public Health, and Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Wild S Wild Sarah S Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Willemsen G Willemsen Gonneke G Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Wolffenbuttel BHR Wolffenbuttel Bruce H R BHR Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
Wong A Wong Andrew A MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU, UK.
Wright AF Wright Alan F AF MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Zhao W Zhao Wei W Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Zillikens MC Zillikens M Carola MC Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Baldassarre D Baldassarre Damiano D Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Balkau B Balkau Beverley B Inserm U-1018, CESP, 94807 Villejuif cedex France.
Bandinelli S Bandinelli Stefania S Geriatric Unit, Azienda USL Toscana centro, Florence Italy.
Böger CA Böger Carsten A CA Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Boomsma DI Boomsma Dorret I DI Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Bouchard C Bouchard Claude C Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
Bruinenberg M Bruinenberg Marcel M Lifelines Cohort Study, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
Chasman DI Chasman Daniel I DI Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Chen YD Chen Yii-DerIda YD Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, California 90502, USA.
Chines PS Chines Peter S PS Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Cooper RS Cooper Richard S RS Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 61053, USA.
Cucca F Cucca Francesco F Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita' degli Studi di Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
Cusi D Cusi Daniele D Sanipedia srl, Bresso (Milano), Italy and Institute of Biomedical Technologies National Centre of Research Segrate, Milano, Italy.
Faire U Faire Ulf de U Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ferrucci L Ferrucci Luigi L Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore Maryland, USA.
Franks PW Franks Paul W PW Department of Public Health &Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Froguel P Froguel Philippe P Department of Genomics of Common Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Gordon-Larsen P Gordon-Larsen Penny P Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill North Carolina, 27516, USA.
Grabe HJ Grabe Hans-Jörgen HJ German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Germany.
Gudnason V Gudnason Vilmundur V Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Haiman CA Haiman Christopher A CA Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA.
Hayward C Hayward Caroline C Generation Scotland, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Hveem K Hveem Kristian K HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway.
Johnson AD Johnson Andrew D AD Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.
Wouter Jukema J Wouter Jukema J J Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Kardia SLR Kardia Sharon L R SLR Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Kivimaki M Kivimaki Mika M Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
Kooner JS Kooner Jaspal S JS Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Kuh D Kuh Diana D MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, London, WC1B 5JU, UK.
Laakso M Laakso Markku M Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
Lehtimäki T Lehtimäki Terho T Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland.
Marchand LL Marchand Loic Le LL Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA.
März W März Winfried W Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
McCarthy MI McCarthy Mark I MI Oxford National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Metspalu A Metspalu Andres A Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Morris AP Morris Andrew P AP Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK.
Ohlsson C Ohlsson Claes C Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Palmer LJ Palmer Lyle J LJ School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Pasterkamp G Pasterkamp Gerard G Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories &Pharmacy, UMC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Pedersen O Pedersen Oluf O The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Peters A Peters Annette A German Center for Diabetes Research, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Peters U Peters Ulrike U Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Washington USA.
Polasek O Polasek Ozren O Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Croatia.
Psaty BM Psaty Bruce M BM Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.
Qi L Qi Lu L Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Rauramaa R Rauramaa Rainer R Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Smith BH Smith Blair H BH Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD2 4RB, Scotland.
Sørensen TIA Sørensen Thorkild I A TIA MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol University, Bristol, UK.
Strauch K Strauch Konstantin K Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
Tiemeier H Tiemeier Henning H Department of Psychiatry Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Tremoli E Tremoli Elena E Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
van der Harst P van der Harst Pim P Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Vestergaard H Vestergaard Henrik H Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.
Vollenweider P Vollenweider Peter P Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne university hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Wareham NJ Wareham Nicholas J NJ MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Weir DR Weir David R DR Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Whitfield JB Whitfield John B JB Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Wilson JF Wilson James F JF Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Tyrrell J Tyrrell Jessica J European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, The Knowledge Spa, Truro TR1 3HD, UK.
Frayling TM Frayling Timothy M TM Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK.
Barroso I Barroso Inês I University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK.
Boehnke M Boehnke Michael M Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Deloukas P Deloukas Panagiotis P Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Fox CS Fox Caroline S CS NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, 01702 USA.
Hirschhorn JN Hirschhorn Joel N JN Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Hunter DJ Hunter David J DJ Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Spector TD Spector Tim D TD Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Strachan DP Strachan David P DP Division of Population Health Sciences and Education, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
van Duijn CM van Duijn Cornelia M CM Center for Medical Systems Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Heid IM Heid Iris M IM Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg 85764, Germany.
Mohlke KL Mohlke Karen L KL Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Marchini J Marchini Jonathan J Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Loos RJF Loos Ruth J F RJF The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
Kilpeläinen TO Kilpeläinen Tuomas O TO Department of Preventive Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, USA.
Liu CT Liu Ching-Ti CT Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
Borecki IB Borecki Ingrid B IB Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 USA.
North KE North Kari E KE Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Cupples LA Cupples L Adrienne LA NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, 01702 USA.
INVESTIGATORS
JOURNAL
VOLUME: 8
ISSUE:
TITLE: Nature communications
ISOABBREVIATION: Nat Commun
YEAR: 2017
MONTH: Apr
DAY: 26
MEDLINEDATE:
SEASON:
CITEDMEDIUM: Internet
ISSN: 2041-1723
ISSNTYPE: Electronic
MEDLINE JOURNAL
MEDLINETA: Nat Commun
COUNTRY: England
ISSNLINKING: 2041-1723
NLMUNIQUEID: 101528555
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Journal Article
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