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PMID |
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TITLE |
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Association of the OPRM1 Variant rs1799971 (A118G) with Non-Specific Liability to Substance Dependence in a Collaborative de novo Meta-Analysis of European-Ancestry Cohorts. |
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ABSTRACT |
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The mu1 opioid receptor gene, OPRM1, has long been a high-priority candidate for human genetic studies of addiction. Because of its potential functional significance, the non-synonymous variant rs1799971 (A118G, Asn40Asp) in OPRM1 has been extensively studied, yet its role in addiction has remained unclear, with conflicting association findings. To resolve the question of what effect, if any, rs1799971 has on substance dependence risk, we conducted collaborative meta-analyses of 25 datasets with over 28,000 European-ancestry subjects. We investigated non-specific risk for "general" substance dependence, comparing cases dependent on any substance to controls who were non-dependent on all assessed substances. We also examined five specific substance dependence diagnoses: DSM-IV alcohol, opioid, cannabis, and cocaine dependence, and nicotine dependence defined by the proxy of heavy/light smoking (cigarettes-per-day >20 vs. ≤10). The G allele showed a modest protective effect on general substance dependence (OR = 0.90, 95 % C.I. [0.83-0.97], p value = 0.0095, N = 16,908). We observed similar effects for each individual substance, although these were not statistically significant, likely because of reduced sample sizes. We conclude that rs1799971 contributes to mechanisms of addiction liability that are shared across different addictive substances. This project highlights the benefits of examining addictive behaviors collectively and the power of collaborative data sharing and meta-analyses. |
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DATE PUBLISHED |
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HISTORY |
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PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
received |
2014/12/22 |
accepted |
2015/08/17 |
aheadofprint |
2015/09/21 |
entrez |
2015/09/23 06:00 |
pubmed |
2015/09/24 06:00 |
medline |
2015/09/24 06:00 |
pmc-release |
2017/03/01 00:00 |
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AUTHORS |
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NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
Schwantes-An TH |
|
Schwantes-An |
Tae-Hwi |
TH |
|
Genometrics Section, Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, US National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. |
Zhang J |
|
Zhang |
Juan |
J |
|
Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China. |
Chen LS |
|
Chen |
Li-Shiun |
LS |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Hartz SM |
|
Hartz |
Sarah M |
SM |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Culverhouse RC |
|
Culverhouse |
Robert C |
RC |
|
Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Chen X |
|
Chen |
Xiangning |
X |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. |
Coon H |
|
Coon |
Hilary |
H |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA. |
Frank J |
|
Frank |
Josef |
J |
|
Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany. |
Kamens HM |
|
Kamens |
Helen M |
HM |
|
Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. |
Konte B |
|
Konte |
Bettina |
B |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany. |
Kovanen L |
|
Kovanen |
Leena |
L |
|
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland. |
Latvala A |
|
Latvala |
Antti |
A |
|
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland. |
Legrand LN |
|
Legrand |
Lisa N |
LN |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. |
Maher BS |
|
Maher |
Brion S |
BS |
|
Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. |
Melroy WE |
|
Melroy |
Whitney E |
WE |
|
Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. |
Nelson EC |
|
Nelson |
Elliot C |
EC |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Reid MW |
|
Reid |
Mark W |
MW |
|
Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA. |
Robinson JD |
|
Robinson |
Jason D |
JD |
|
Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. |
Shen PH |
|
Shen |
Pei-Hong |
PH |
|
Section of Human Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. |
Yang BZ |
|
Yang |
Bao-Zhu |
BZ |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06516, USA. |
Andrews JA |
|
Andrews |
Judy A |
JA |
|
Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA. |
Aveyard P |
|
Aveyard |
Paul |
P |
|
Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6GG, United Kingdom. |
Beltcheva O |
|
Beltcheva |
Olga |
O |
|
Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University-Sofia, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. |
Brown SA |
|
Brown |
Sandra A |
SA |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. |
Cannon DS |
|
Cannon |
Dale S |
DS |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA. |
Cichon S |
|
Cichon |
Sven |
S |
|
Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4003, Switzerland. |
Corley RP |
|
Corley |
Robin P |
RP |
|
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. |
Dahmen N |
|
Dahmen |
Norbert |
N |
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Ökumenisches Hainich-Klinikum, Mühlhausen/Thüringen, Germany. |
Degenhardt L |
|
Degenhardt |
Louisa |
L |
|
School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, Australia. |
Foroud T |
|
Foroud |
Tatiana |
T |
|
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. |
Gaebel W |
|
Gaebel |
Wolfgang |
W |
|
University of Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. |
Giegling I |
|
Giegling |
Ina |
I |
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Department of Psychiatry, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany. |
Glatt SJ |
|
Glatt |
Stephen J |
SJ |
|
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA. |
Grucza RA |
|
Grucza |
Richard A |
RA |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Hardin J |
|
Hardin |
Jill |
J |
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Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. |
Hartmann AM |
|
Hartmann |
Annette M |
AM |
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Department of Psychiatry, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany. |
Heath AC |
|
Heath |
Andrew C |
AC |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Herms S |
|
Herms |
Stefan |
S |
|
Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4003, Switzerland. |
Hodgkinson CA |
|
Hodgkinson |
Colin A |
CA |
|
Section of Human Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. |
Hoffmann P |
|
Hoffmann |
Per |
P |
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Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, 4003, Switzerland. |
Hops H |
|
Hops |
Hyman |
H |
|
Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA. |
Huizinga D |
|
Huizinga |
David |
D |
|
Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. |
Ising M |
|
Ising |
Marcus |
M |
|
Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany. |
Johnson EO |
|
Johnson |
Eric O |
EO |
|
Behavioral Health Research Division, Research Triangle Institute International, Durham, NC, 27709, USA. |
Johnstone E |
|
Johnstone |
Elaine |
E |
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Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom. |
Kaneva RP |
|
Kaneva |
Radka P |
RP |
|
Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University-Sofia, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. |
Kendler KS |
|
Kendler |
Kenneth S |
KS |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. |
Kiefer F |
|
Kiefer |
Falk |
F |
|
Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany. |
Kranzler HR |
|
Kranzler |
Henry R |
HR |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. |
Krauter KS |
|
Krauter |
Ken S |
KS |
|
Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. |
Levran O |
|
Levran |
Orna |
O |
|
Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, USA. |
Lucae S |
|
Lucae |
Susanne |
S |
|
Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany. |
Lynskey MT |
|
Lynskey |
Michael T |
MT |
|
Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, SE5 8BB, UK. |
Maier W |
|
Maier |
Wolfgang |
W |
|
University of Bonn, 53113, Bonn, Germany. |
Mann K |
|
Mann |
Karl |
K |
|
Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany. |
Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia. |
Mattheisen M |
|
Mattheisen |
Manuel |
M |
|
Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark. |
Montgomery GW |
|
Montgomery |
Grant W |
GW |
|
Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia. |
Müller-Myhsok B |
|
Müller-Myhsok |
Bertram |
B |
|
Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany. |
Murphy MF |
|
Murphy |
Michael F |
MF |
|
Childhood Cancer Research Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LG, UK. |
Neale MC |
|
Neale |
Michael C |
MC |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. |
Nikolov MA |
|
Nikolov |
Momchil A |
MA |
|
Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University-Sofia, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. |
Nishita D |
|
Nishita |
Denise |
D |
|
Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. |
Nöthen MM |
|
Nöthen |
Markus M |
MM |
|
Department. of Genomics, Life and Brain Center, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany. |
Nurnberger J |
|
Nurnberger |
John |
J |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. |
Partonen T |
|
Partonen |
Timo |
T |
|
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland. |
Pergadia ML |
|
Pergadia |
Michele L |
ML |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Reynolds M |
|
Reynolds |
Maureen |
M |
|
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. |
Ridinger M |
|
Ridinger |
Monika |
M |
|
Psychiatric Hospital, Konigsfelden, Windisch, Switzerland. |
Rose RJ |
|
Rose |
Richard J |
RJ |
|
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA. |
Rouvinen-Lagerström N |
|
Rouvinen-Lagerström |
Noora |
N |
|
Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland. |
Scherbaum N |
|
Scherbaum |
Norbert |
N |
|
Addiction Research Group at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany. |
Schmäl C |
|
Schmäl |
Christine |
C |
|
Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany. |
Soyka M |
|
Soyka |
Michael |
M |
|
Private Hospital Meiringen, Meiringen, Switzerland. |
Stallings MC |
|
Stallings |
Michael C |
MC |
|
Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. |
Steffens M |
|
Steffens |
Michael |
M |
|
Research Department, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175, Bonn, Germany. |
Treutlein J |
|
Treutlein |
Jens |
J |
|
Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany. |
Tsuang M |
|
Tsuang |
Ming |
M |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. |
Wall TL |
|
Wall |
Tamara L |
TL |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. |
Wodarz N |
|
Wodarz |
Norbert |
N |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 8548, Regensburg, Germany. |
Yuferov V |
|
Yuferov |
Vadim |
V |
|
Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, USA. |
Zill P |
|
Zill |
Peter |
P |
|
University of Munich, Munich, Germany. |
Bergen AW |
|
Bergen |
Andrew W |
AW |
|
Center for Health Sciences, Biosciences Division, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. |
Chen J |
|
Chen |
Jingchun |
J |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA. |
Cinciripini PM |
|
Cinciripini |
Paul M |
PM |
|
Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. |
Edenberg HJ |
|
Edenberg |
Howard J |
HJ |
|
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. |
Ehringer MA |
|
Ehringer |
Marissa A |
MA |
|
Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. |
Ferrell RE |
|
Ferrell |
Robert E |
RE |
|
Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. |
Gelernter J |
|
Gelernter |
Joel |
J |
|
Department of Neurobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06516, USA. |
Goldman D |
|
Goldman |
David |
D |
|
Section of Human Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. |
Hewitt JK |
|
Hewitt |
John K |
JK |
|
Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. |
Hopfer CJ |
|
Hopfer |
Christian J |
CJ |
|
Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. |
Iacono WG |
|
Iacono |
William G |
WG |
|
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. |
Kaprio J |
|
Kaprio |
Jaakko |
J |
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Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland. |
Kreek MJ |
|
Kreek |
Mary Jeanne |
MJ |
|
Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10065, USA. |
Kremensky IM |
|
Kremensky |
Ivo M |
IM |
|
Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University-Sofia, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria. |
Madden PA |
|
Madden |
Pamela A F |
PA |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
McGue M |
|
McGue |
Matt |
M |
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Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. |
Munafò MR |
|
Munafò |
Marcus R |
MR |
|
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, and School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK. |
Philibert RA |
|
Philibert |
Robert A |
RA |
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Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. |
Rietschel M |
|
Rietschel |
Marcella |
M |
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Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany. |
Roy A |
|
Roy |
Alec |
A |
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Psychiatry Service, Department of Veteran Affairs, New Jersey VA Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, 07018, USA. |
Rujescu D |
|
Rujescu |
Dan |
D |
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Department of Psychiatry, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany. |
Saarikoski ST |
|
Saarikoski |
Sirkku T |
ST |
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Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland. |
Swan GE |
|
Swan |
Gary E |
GE |
|
Department of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA. |
Todorov AA |
|
Todorov |
Alexandre A |
AA |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Vanyukov MM |
|
Vanyukov |
Michael M |
MM |
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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. |
Weiss RB |
|
Weiss |
Robert B |
RB |
|
Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA. |
Bierut LJ |
|
Bierut |
Laura J |
LJ |
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Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. |
Saccone NL |
|
Saccone |
Nancy L |
NL |
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Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8232, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. nlims@genetics.wustl.edu. |
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INVESTIGATORS |
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JOURNAL |
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VOLUME: 46 |
ISSUE: 2 |
TITLE: Behavior genetics |
ISOABBREVIATION: Behav. Genet. |
YEAR: 2016 |
MONTH: Mar |
DAY: |
MEDLINEDATE: |
SEASON: |
CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
ISSN: 1573-3297 |
ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
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MEDLINE JOURNAL |
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MEDLINETA: Behav Genet |
COUNTRY: United States |
ISSNLINKING: 0001-8244 |
NLMUNIQUEID: 0251711 |
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PUBLICATION TYPE |
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PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
Journal Article |
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COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
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REFSOURCE |
REFPMID |
NOTE |
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|
GRANTS |
|
GRANTID |
AGENCY |
COUNTRY |
K01 AA019447 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
K01 DA019498 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
K01 DA024758 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
K02 AA018755 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
K05 AA017688 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
K07 CA092209 |
NCI NIH HHS |
United States |
K08 DA019951 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
K08 DA030398 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
K08 DA032680 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
K24 DA032555 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
P01 CA089392 |
NCI NIH HHS |
United States |
P01 HL072903 |
NHLBI NIH HHS |
United States |
P50 CA070907 |
NCI NIH HHS |
United States |
P50 DA005130 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
P50 DA005605 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
P60 AA011998 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
P60 DA011015 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA007535 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA007728 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA009203 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA009367 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA011330 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA011886 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA013320 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA013321 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA013326 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA017535 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 AA017889 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA005147 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA011922 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA012690 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA012845 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA012846 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA012849 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA012854 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA013423 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA015789 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA017305 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA018432 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA018673 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA018823 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA019157 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA019963 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA021905 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA021913 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA026911 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA035804 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA036216 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA036583 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 DA038076 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R01 MH066140 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
R21 CA081649 |
NCI NIH HHS |
United States |
R21 DA038241 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
R37 AA012502 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
R37 DA005147 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
RC2 DA028793 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
RC2 DA028909 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
T32 DA017637 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
U01 DA020830 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
U01 DA024417 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
U01 HG004422 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
U01 HG004438 |
NHGRI NIH HHS |
United States |
U10 AA008401 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
|
GENERAL NOTE |
|
|
KEYWORDS |
|
KEYWORD |
Addiction |
Genetic association |
OPRM1 |
Opioid receptor |
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) |
Substance dependence |
|
MESH HEADINGS |
|
|
SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
|
|
GENE SYMBOLS |
|
|
CHEMICALS |
|
|
OTHER ID's |
|
OTHERID |
SOURCE |
NIHMS724867 [Available on 03/01/17] |
NLM |
PMC4752855 [Available on 03/01/17] |
NLM |
|
|