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PMID |
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TITLE |
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Contrast effects and sex influence maternal and self-report dimensional measures of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. |
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ABSTRACT |
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The heritability of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is higher for children than adults. This may be due to increasing importance of environment in symptom variation, measurement inaccuracy when two raters report behavior of a twin-pair, a contrast effect resulting from parental comparison of siblings and/or dimensionality of measures. We examine rater contrast and sex effects in ADHD subtypes using a dimensional scale and compare the aetiology of self, versus maternal-report. Data were collected using the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD and Normal Behaviour Scale (SWAN): maternal-report for 3,223 twins and siblings (mean age 21.2, SD = 6.3) and self-report for 1,617 twins and siblings (mean age 25.5, SD = 3.2). Contrast effects and magnitude of genetic and environmental contributions to variance of ADHD phenotypes (inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, combined behaviours) were examined using structural equation modeling. Contrast effects were evident for maternal-report hyperactivity-impulsivity (b = -0.04) and self-report inattention (-0.09) and combined ADHD (-0.08). Dominant genetic effects were shared by raters for inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity and combined ADHD. Broad-sense heritability was equal across sex for maternal-report inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity and combined ADHD (0.72, 0.83, 0.80). Heritability for corresponding subtypes in self-reported data were best represented by sex (0.46, 0.30, 0.39 for males; 0.69, 0.41, 0.65 for females). Heritability difference between maternal and self-report ADHD was due to greater variance of male specific environment in self-report data. Self-reported ADHD differed across sex by magnitude of specific environment and genetic effects. |
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DATE PUBLISHED |
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HISTORY |
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PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
received |
2014/01/17 |
accepted |
2014/07/30 |
aheadofprint |
2014/08/24 |
entrez |
2014/08/25 06:00 |
pubmed |
2014/08/26 06:00 |
medline |
2016/03/08 06:00 |
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AUTHORS |
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NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
Ebejer JL |
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Ebejer |
J L |
JL |
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Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia, ebejer.j@gmail.com. |
Medland SE |
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Medland |
S E |
SE |
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van der Werf J |
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van der Werf |
J |
J |
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J Wright M |
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J Wright |
M |
M |
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Henders AK |
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Henders |
A K |
AK |
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Gillespie NA |
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Gillespie |
N A |
NA |
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Hickie IB |
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Hickie |
I B |
IB |
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Martin NG |
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Martin |
N G |
NG |
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Duffy DL |
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Duffy |
D L |
DL |
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INVESTIGATORS |
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JOURNAL |
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VOLUME: 45 |
ISSUE: 1 |
TITLE: Behavior genetics |
ISOABBREVIATION: Behav. Genet. |
YEAR: 2015 |
MONTH: Jan |
DAY: |
MEDLINEDATE: |
SEASON: |
CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
ISSN: 1573-3297 |
ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
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MEDLINE JOURNAL |
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MEDLINETA: Behav Genet |
COUNTRY: United States |
ISSNLINKING: 0001-8244 |
NLMUNIQUEID: 0251711 |
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PUBLICATION TYPE |
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PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
Journal Article |
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Twin Study |
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COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
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GRANTS |
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GENERAL NOTE |
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KEYWORDS |
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MESH HEADINGS |
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DESCRIPTORNAME |
QUALIFIERNAME |
Adolescent |
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Adult |
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Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity |
genetics |
Child |
genetics |
Data Collection |
genetics |
Diseases in Twins |
genetics |
Female |
genetics |
Genes, Dominant |
genetics |
Humans |
genetics |
Impulsive Behavior |
genetics |
Male |
genetics |
Maternal Behavior |
genetics |
Middle Aged |
genetics |
Mothers |
genetics |
Phenotype |
genetics |
Retrospective Studies |
genetics |
Sex Factors |
genetics |
Siblings |
genetics |
Young Adult |
genetics |
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SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
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GENE SYMBOLS |
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CHEMICALS |
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OTHER ID's |
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