|
|
| PMID |
|
|
| TITLE |
|
| ADHD symptoms, autistic traits, and substance use and misuse in adult Australian twins. |
|
| ABSTRACT |
|
| OBJECTIVE |
NlmCategory: OBJECTIVE |
| Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder frequently co-occur. Several studies show increased risk of substance use disorders in ADHD, yet there is limited information related to how ADHD symptoms, autistic traits, and their combined effects are associated with nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis use and use disorders in the general population. |
| METHOD |
NlmCategory: METHODS |
| Cross-sectional interview and self-report questionnaire data from 3,080 young adult Australian twins (mean age 31.9 years) were used to assess ADHD symptoms, autistic traits, substance use, and substance use disorders. Substance use disorders-based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria-were assessed in the full sample as well as in those who reported substance use. Logistic regression analyses were used for comparing the associations between ADHD symptoms, autistic traits, substance use, and substance misuse after conduct disorder, sex, age, and zygosity were controlled for. |
| RESULTS |
NlmCategory: RESULTS |
| Greater ADHD symptoms and autistic traits scores were associated with elevated levels of regular smoking; cannabis use; and nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis use disorders, even after conduct disorder was adjusted for. In contrast, for alcohol use, those with high autistic traits scores were less likely to report drinking to intoxication. However, upon initiation, and similar to the findings for nicotine and cannabis, they were at elevated risk for developing alcohol dependence. |
| CONCLUSIONS |
NlmCategory: CONCLUSIONS |
| Increased liability to ADHD and elevated autistic traits scores were associated with substance use and misuse, with the exception of alcohol use. Given the social underpinnings of drinking, persons with autistic traits may be less likely to engage in it; however, upon engagement in drinking, their vulnerability to alcohol dependence is elevated. |
|
| DATE PUBLISHED |
|
|
| HISTORY |
|
| PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
| entrez |
2014/03/22 06:00 |
| pubmed |
2014/03/22 06:00 |
| medline |
2014/12/15 06:00 |
| pmc-release |
2015/03/01 00:00 |
|
| AUTHORS |
|
| NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
| De Alwis D |
|
De Alwis |
Duneesha |
D |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. |
| Agrawal A |
|
Agrawal |
Arpana |
A |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. |
| Reiersen AM |
|
Reiersen |
Angela M |
AM |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. |
| Constantino JN |
|
Constantino |
John N |
JN |
|
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. |
| Henders A |
|
Henders |
Anjali |
A |
|
Genetic Epidemiology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
Genetic Epidemiology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Lynskey MT |
|
Lynskey |
Michael T |
MT |
|
Kings College, London, England. |
|
| INVESTIGATORS |
|
|
| JOURNAL |
|
| VOLUME: 75 |
| ISSUE: 2 |
| TITLE: Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs |
| ISOABBREVIATION: J Stud Alcohol Drugs |
| YEAR: 2014 |
| MONTH: Mar |
| DAY: |
| MEDLINEDATE: |
| SEASON: |
| CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
| ISSN: 1938-4114 |
| ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
|
| MEDLINE JOURNAL |
|
| MEDLINETA: J Stud Alcohol Drugs |
| COUNTRY: United States |
| ISSNLINKING: 1937-1888 |
| NLMUNIQUEID: 101295847 |
|
| PUBLICATION TYPE |
|
| PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
| Journal Article |
| Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
| Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Twin Study |
|
| COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
|
|
| GRANTS |
|
| GRANTID |
AGENCY |
COUNTRY |
| DA18267 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| DA23668 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| HD042541 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| K02 DA032573 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K08 MH080287 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| MH-080287 |
NIMH NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA018267 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 DA023668 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 HD042541 |
NICHD NIH HHS |
United States |
| T32 DA007313 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| T32DA007313 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
|
| GENERAL NOTE |
|
|
| KEYWORDS |
|
|
| MESH HEADINGS |
|
| DESCRIPTORNAME |
QUALIFIERNAME |
| Adult |
|
| Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity |
psychology |
| Australia |
epidemiology |
| Autistic Disorder |
psychology |
| Cross-Sectional Studies |
psychology |
| Diseases in Twins |
psychology |
| Female |
psychology |
| Humans |
psychology |
| Male |
psychology |
| Questionnaires |
psychology |
| Substance-Related Disorders |
psychology |
|
| SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
|
|
| GENE SYMBOLS |
|
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| CHEMICALS |
|
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| OTHER ID's |
|
| OTHERID |
SOURCE |
| PMC3965675 [Available on 03/01/15] |
NLM |
|
|
