|
|
| PMID |
|
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| TITLE |
|
| Mining the human phenome using allelic scores that index biological intermediates. |
|
| ABSTRACT |
|
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|
| It is common practice in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to focus on the relationship between disease risk and genetic variants one marker at a time. When relevant genes are identified it is often possible to implicate biological intermediates and pathways likely to be involved in disease aetiology. However, single genetic variants typically explain small amounts of disease risk. Our idea is to construct allelic scores that explain greater proportions of the variance in biological intermediates, and subsequently use these scores to data mine GWAS. To investigate the approach's properties, we indexed three biological intermediates where the results of large GWAS meta-analyses were available: body mass index, C-reactive protein and low density lipoprotein levels. We generated allelic scores in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, and in publicly available data from the first Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. We compared the explanatory ability of allelic scores in terms of their capacity to proxy for the intermediate of interest, and the extent to which they associated with disease. We found that allelic scores derived from known variants and allelic scores derived from hundreds of thousands of genetic markers explained significant portions of the variance in biological intermediates of interest, and many of these scores showed expected correlations with disease. Genome-wide allelic scores however tended to lack specificity suggesting that they should be used with caution and perhaps only to proxy biological intermediates for which there are no known individual variants. Power calculations confirm the feasibility of extending our strategy to the analysis of tens of thousands of molecular phenotypes in large genome-wide meta-analyses. We conclude that our method represents a simple way in which potentially tens of thousands of molecular phenotypes could be screened for causal relationships with disease without having to expensively measure these variables in individual disease collections. |
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| DATE PUBLISHED |
|
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| HISTORY |
|
| PUBSTATUS |
PUBSTATUSDATE |
| received |
2013/03/30 |
| accepted |
2013/09/12 |
| entrez |
2013/11/09 06:00 |
| pubmed |
2013/11/10 06:00 |
| medline |
2015/02/20 06:00 |
|
| AUTHORS |
|
| NAME |
COLLECTIVENAME |
LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
AFFILIATIONINFO |
| Evans DM |
|
Evans |
David M |
DM |
|
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom ; School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom ; University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. |
| Brion MJ |
|
Brion |
Marie Jo A |
MJ |
|
|
| Paternoster L |
|
Paternoster |
Lavinia |
L |
|
|
| Kemp JP |
|
Kemp |
John P |
JP |
|
|
| McMahon G |
|
McMahon |
George |
G |
|
|
| Munafò M |
|
Munafò |
Marcus |
M |
|
|
| Whitfield JB |
|
Whitfield |
John B |
JB |
|
|
| Medland SE |
|
Medland |
Sarah E |
SE |
|
|
| Montgomery GW |
|
Montgomery |
Grant W |
GW |
|
|
|
GIANT Consortium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
CRP Consortium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
TAG Consortium |
|
|
|
|
|
| Timpson NJ |
|
Timpson |
Nicholas J |
NJ |
|
|
| St Pourcain B |
|
St Pourcain |
Beate |
B |
|
|
| Lawlor DA |
|
Lawlor |
Debbie A |
DA |
|
|
| Martin NG |
|
Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
|
| Dehghan A |
|
Dehghan |
Abbas |
A |
|
|
| Hirschhorn J |
|
Hirschhorn |
Joel |
J |
|
|
| Smith GD |
|
Smith |
George Davey |
GD |
|
|
|
| INVESTIGATORS |
|
| LASTNAME |
FORENAME |
INITIALS |
AFFILIATION |
| Speliotes |
Elizabeth K |
EK |
|
| Willer |
Cristen J |
CJ |
|
| Berndt |
Sonja I |
SI |
|
| Monda |
Keri L |
KL |
|
| Thorleifsson |
Gudmar |
G |
|
| Jackson |
Anne U |
AU |
|
| Allen |
Hana Lango |
HL |
|
| Lindgren |
Cecilia M |
CM |
|
| Luan |
Jian'an |
J |
|
| Mägi |
Reedik |
R |
|
| Randall |
Joshua C |
JC |
|
| Vedantam |
Sailaja |
S |
|
| Winkler |
Thomas W |
TW |
|
| Qi |
Lu |
L |
|
| Workalemahu |
Tsegaselassie |
T |
|
| Heid |
Iris M |
IM |
|
| Steinthorsdottir |
Valgerdur |
V |
|
| Stringham |
Heather M |
HM |
|
| Weedon |
Michael N |
MN |
|
| Wheeler |
Eleanor |
E |
|
| Wood |
Andrew R |
AR |
|
| Ferreira |
Teresa |
T |
|
| Weyant |
Robert J |
RJ |
|
| Segré |
Ayellet V |
AV |
|
| Estrada |
Karol |
K |
|
| Liang |
Liming |
L |
|
| Nemesh |
James |
J |
|
| Park |
Ju-Hyun |
JH |
|
| Gustafsson |
Stefan |
S |
|
| Kilpeläinen |
Tuomas O |
TO |
|
| Yang |
Jian |
J |
|
| Bouatia-Naji |
Nabila |
N |
|
| Esko |
Tõnu |
T |
|
| Feitosa |
Mary F |
MF |
|
| Kutalik |
Zoltán |
Z |
|
| Mangino |
Massimo |
M |
|
| Raychaudhuri |
Soumya |
S |
|
| Scherag |
Andre |
A |
|
| Smith |
Albert Vernon |
AV |
|
| Welch |
Ryan |
R |
|
| Zhao |
Jing Hua |
JH |
|
| Aben |
Katja K |
KK |
|
| Absher |
Devin M |
DM |
|
| Amin |
Najaf |
N |
|
| Dixon |
Anna L |
AL |
|
| Fisher |
Eva |
E |
|
| Glazer |
Nicole L |
NL |
|
| Goddard |
Michael E |
ME |
|
| Heard-Costa |
Nancy L |
NL |
|
| Hoesel |
Volker |
V |
|
| Hottenga |
Jouke-Jan |
JJ |
|
| Johansson |
Åsa |
Å |
|
| Johnson |
Toby |
T |
|
| Ketkar |
Shamika |
S |
|
| Lamina |
Claudia |
C |
|
| Li |
Shengxu |
S |
|
| Moffatt |
Miriam F |
MF |
|
| Myers |
Richard H |
RH |
|
| Narisu |
Narisu |
N |
|
| Perry |
John R B |
JR |
|
| Peters |
Marjolein J |
MJ |
|
| Preuss |
Michael |
M |
|
| Ripatti |
Samuli |
S |
|
| Rivadeneira |
Fernando |
F |
|
| Sandholt |
Camilla |
C |
|
| Scott |
Laura J |
LJ |
|
| Timpson |
Nicholas J |
NJ |
|
| Tyrer |
Jonathan P |
JP |
|
| van Wingerden |
Sophie |
S |
|
| Watanabe |
Richard M |
RM |
|
| White |
Charles C |
CC |
|
| Wiklund |
Fredrik |
F |
|
| Barlassina |
Christina |
C |
|
| Chasman |
Daniel I |
DI |
|
| Cooper |
Matthew N |
MN |
|
| Jansson |
John-Olov |
JO |
|
| Lawrence |
Robert W |
RW |
|
| Pellikka |
Niina |
N |
|
| Prokopenko |
Inga |
I |
|
| Shi |
Jianxin |
J |
|
| Thiering |
Elisabeth |
E |
|
| Alavere |
Helene |
H |
|
| Alibrandi |
Maria T S |
MT |
|
| Almgren |
Peter |
P |
|
| Arnold |
Alice M |
AM |
|
| Aspelund |
Thor |
T |
|
| Atwood |
Larry D |
LD |
|
| Balkau |
Beverley |
B |
|
| Balmforth |
Anthony J |
AJ |
|
| Bennett |
Amanda J |
AJ |
|
| Ben-Shlomo |
Yoav |
Y |
|
| Bergman |
Richard N |
RN |
|
| Bergmann |
Sven |
S |
|
| Biebermann |
Heike |
H |
|
| Blakemore |
Alexandra I F |
AI |
|
| Boes |
Tanja |
T |
|
| Bonnycastle |
Lori L |
LL |
|
| Bornstein |
Stefan R |
SR |
|
| Brown |
Morris J |
MJ |
|
| Buchanan |
Thomas A |
TA |
|
| Busonero |
Fabio |
F |
|
| Campbell |
Harry |
H |
|
| Cappuccio |
Francesco P |
FP |
|
| Cavalcanti-Proença |
Christine |
C |
|
| Chen |
Yii-Der Ida |
YD |
|
| Chen |
Chih-Mei |
CM |
|
| Chines |
Peter S |
PS |
|
| Clarke |
Robert |
R |
|
| Coin |
Lachlan |
L |
|
| Connell |
John |
J |
|
| Day |
Ian N M |
IN |
|
| den Heijer |
Martin |
M |
|
| Duan |
Jubao |
J |
|
| Ebrahim |
Shah |
S |
|
| Elliott |
Paul |
P |
|
| Elosua |
Roberto |
R |
|
| Eiriksdottir |
Gudny |
G |
|
| Erdos |
Michael R |
MR |
|
| Eriksson |
Johan G |
JG |
|
| Facheris |
Maurizio F |
MF |
|
| Felix |
Stephan B |
SB |
|
| Fischer-Posovszky |
Pamela |
P |
|
| Folsom |
Aaron R |
AR |
|
| Friedrich |
Nele |
N |
|
| Freimer |
Nelson B |
NB |
|
| Fu |
Mao |
M |
|
| Gaget |
Stefan |
S |
|
| Gejman |
Pablo V |
PV |
|
| Geus |
Eco J C |
EJ |
|
| Gieger |
Christian |
C |
|
| Gjesing |
Anette P |
AP |
|
| Goel |
Anuj |
A |
|
| Goyette |
Philippe |
P |
|
| Grallert |
Harald |
H |
|
| Gräßler |
Jürgen |
J |
|
| Greenawalt |
Danielle M |
DM |
|
| Groves |
Christopher J |
CJ |
|
| Gudnason |
Vilmundur |
V |
|
| Guiducci |
Candace |
C |
|
| Hartikainen |
Anna-Liisa |
AL |
|
| Hassanali |
Neelam |
N |
|
| Hall |
Alistair S |
AS |
|
| Havulinna |
Aki S |
AS |
|
| Hayward |
Caroline |
C |
|
| Heath |
Andrew C |
AC |
|
| Hengstenberg |
Christian |
C |
|
| Hicks |
Andrew A |
AA |
|
| Hinney |
Anke |
A |
|
| Hofman |
Albert |
A |
|
| Homuth |
Georg |
G |
|
| Hui |
Jennie |
J |
|
| Igl |
Wilmar |
W |
|
| Iribarren |
Carlos |
C |
|
| Isomaa |
Bo |
B |
|
| Jacobs |
Kevin B |
KB |
|
| Jarick |
Ivonne |
I |
|
| Jewell |
Elizabeth |
E |
|
| John |
Ulrich |
U |
|
| Jørgensen |
Torben |
T |
|
| Jousilahti |
Pekka |
P |
|
| Jula |
Antti |
A |
|
| Kaakinen |
Marika |
M |
|
| Kajantie |
Eero |
E |
|
| Kaplan |
Lee M |
LM |
|
| Kathiresan |
Sekar |
S |
|
| Kettunen |
Johannes |
J |
|
| Kinnunen |
Leena |
L |
|
| Knowles |
Joshua W |
JW |
|
| Kolcic |
Ivana |
I |
|
| König |
Inke R |
IR |
|
| Koskinen |
Seppo |
S |
|
| Kovacs |
Peter |
P |
|
| Kuusisto |
Johanna |
J |
|
| Kraft |
Peter |
P |
|
| Kvaløy |
Kirsti |
K |
|
| Laitinen |
Jaana |
J |
|
| Lantieri |
Olivier |
O |
|
| Lanzani |
Chiara |
C |
|
| Launer |
Lenore J |
LJ |
|
| Lecoeur |
Cecile |
C |
|
| Lehtimäki |
Terho |
T |
|
| Lettre |
Guillaume |
G |
|
| Liu |
Jianjun |
J |
|
| Lokki |
Marja-Liisa |
ML |
|
| Lorentzon |
Mattias |
M |
|
| Luben |
Robert N |
RN |
|
| Ludwig |
Barbara |
B |
|
| Manunta |
Paolo |
P |
|
| Marek |
Diana |
D |
|
| Marre |
Michel |
M |
|
| Martin |
Nicholas G |
NG |
|
| McArdle |
Wendy L |
WL |
|
| McCarthy |
Anne |
A |
|
| McKnight |
Barbara |
B |
|
| Meitinger |
Thomas |
T |
|
| Melander |
Olle |
O |
|
| Meyre |
David |
D |
|
| Midthjell |
Kristian |
K |
|
| Montgomery |
Grant W |
GW |
|
| Morken |
Mario A |
MA |
|
| Morris |
Andrew P |
AP |
|
| Mulic |
Rosanda |
R |
|
| Ngwa |
Julius S |
JS |
|
| Nelis |
Mari |
M |
|
| Neville |
Matt J |
MJ |
|
| Nyholt |
Dale R |
DR |
|
| O'Donnell |
Christopher J |
CJ |
|
| O'Rahilly |
Stephen |
S |
|
| Ong |
Ken K |
KK |
|
| Oostra |
Ben |
B |
|
| Paré |
Guillaume |
G |
|
| Parker |
Alex N |
AN |
|
| Perola |
Markus |
M |
|
| Pichler |
Irene |
I |
|
| Pietiläinen |
Kirsi H |
KH |
|
| Platou |
Carl G P |
CG |
|
| Polasek |
Ozren |
O |
|
| Pouta |
Anneli |
A |
|
| Rafelt |
Suzanne |
S |
|
| Raitakari |
Olli |
O |
|
| Rayner |
Nigel W |
NW |
|
| Ridderstråle |
Martin |
M |
|
| Rief |
Winfried |
W |
|
| Ruokonen |
Aimo |
A |
|
| Robertson |
Neil R |
NR |
|
| Rzehak |
Peter |
P |
|
| Salomaa |
Veikko |
V |
|
| Sanders |
Alan R |
AR |
|
| Sandhu |
Manjinder S |
MS |
|
| Sanna |
Serena |
S |
|
| Saramies |
Jouko |
J |
|
| Savolainen |
Markku J |
MJ |
|
| Scherag |
Susann |
S |
|
| Schipf |
Sabine |
S |
|
| Schreiber |
Stefan |
S |
|
| Schunkert |
Heribert |
H |
|
| Silander |
Kaisa |
K |
|
| Sinisalo |
Juha |
J |
|
| Siscovick |
David S |
DS |
|
| Smit |
Jan H |
JH |
|
| Soranzo |
Nicole |
N |
|
| Sovio |
Ulla |
U |
|
| Stephens |
Jonathan |
J |
|
| Surakka |
Ida |
I |
|
| Swift |
Amy J |
AJ |
|
| Tammesoo |
Mari-Liis |
ML |
|
| Tardif |
Jean-Claude |
JC |
|
| Teder-Laving |
Maris |
M |
|
| Teslovich |
Tanya M |
TM |
|
| Thompson |
John R |
JR |
|
| Thomson |
Brian |
B |
|
| Tönjes |
Anke |
A |
|
| Tuomi |
Tiinamaija |
T |
|
| van Meurs |
Joyce B J |
JB |
|
| van Ommen |
Gert-Jan |
GJ |
|
| Vatin |
Vincent |
V |
|
| Viikari |
Jorma |
J |
|
| Visvikis-Siest |
Sophie |
S |
|
| Vitart |
Veronique |
V |
|
| Vogel |
Carla I G |
CI |
|
| Voight |
Benjamin F |
BF |
|
| Waite |
Lindsay L |
LL |
|
| Wallaschofski |
Henri |
H |
|
| Walters |
G Bragi |
G |
|
| Widen |
Elisabeth |
E |
|
| Wiegand |
Susanna |
S |
|
| Wild |
Sarah H |
SH |
|
| Willemsen |
Gonneke |
G |
|
| Witte |
Daniel R |
DR |
|
| Witteman |
Jacqueline C |
JC |
|
| Xu |
Jianfeng |
J |
|
| Zhang |
Qunyuan |
Q |
|
| Zgaga |
Lina |
L |
|
| Ziegler |
Andreas |
A |
|
| Zitting |
Paavo |
P |
|
| Beilby |
John P |
JP |
|
| Farooqi |
I Sadaf |
I |
|
| Hebebrand |
Johannes |
J |
|
| Huikuri |
Heikki V |
HV |
|
| James |
Alan L |
AL |
|
| Kähönen |
Mika |
M |
|
| Levinson |
Douglas F |
DF |
|
| Macciardi |
Fabio |
F |
|
| Nieminen |
Markku S |
MS |
|
| Ohlsson |
Claes |
C |
|
| Palmer |
Lyle J |
LJ |
|
| Ridker |
Paul M |
PM |
|
| Stumvoll |
Michael |
M |
|
| Beckmann |
Jacques S |
JS |
|
| Boeing |
Heiner |
H |
|
| Boerwinkle |
Eric |
E |
|
| Boomsma |
Dorret I |
DI |
|
| Caulfield |
Mark J |
MJ |
|
| Chanock |
Stephen J |
SJ |
|
| Collins |
Francis S |
FS |
|
| Cupples |
L Adrienne |
L |
|
| Smith |
George Davey |
GD |
|
| Erdmann |
Jeanette |
J |
|
| Froguel |
Philippe |
P |
|
| Grönberg |
Henrik |
H |
|
| Gyllensten |
Ulf |
U |
|
| Hall |
Per |
P |
|
| Hansen |
Torben |
T |
|
| Harris |
Tamara B |
TB |
|
| Hattersley |
Andrew T |
AT |
|
| Hayes |
Richard B |
RB |
|
| Heinrich |
Joachim |
J |
|
| Hu |
Frank B |
FB |
|
| Hveem |
Kristian |
K |
|
| Illig |
Thomas |
T |
|
| Jarvelin |
Marjo-Riitta |
MR |
|
| Kaprio |
Jaakko |
J |
|
| Karpe |
Fredrik |
F |
|
| Khaw |
Kay-Tee |
KT |
|
| Kiemeney |
Lambertus A |
LA |
|
| Krude |
Heiko |
H |
|
| Laakso |
Markku |
M |
|
| Lawlor |
Debbie A |
DA |
|
| Metspalu |
Andres |
A |
|
| Munroe |
Patricia B |
PB |
|
| Ouwehand |
Willem H |
WH |
|
| Pedersen |
Oluf |
O |
|
| Penninx |
Brenda W |
BW |
|
| Peters |
Annette |
A |
|
| Pramstaller |
Peter P |
PP |
|
| Quertermous |
Thomas |
T |
|
| Reinehr |
Thomas |
T |
|
| Rissanen |
Aila |
A |
|
| Rudan |
Igor |
I |
|
| Samani |
Nilesh J |
NJ |
|
| Schwarz |
Peter E H |
PE |
|
| Shuldiner |
Alan R |
AR |
|
| Spector |
Timothy D |
TD |
|
| Tuomilehto |
Jaakko |
J |
|
| Uda |
Manuela |
M |
|
| Uitterlinden |
André |
A |
|
| Valle |
Timo T |
TT |
|
| Wabitsch |
Martin |
M |
|
| Waeber |
Gérard |
G |
|
| Wareham |
Nicholas J |
NJ |
|
| Watkins |
Hugh |
H |
|
| Wilson |
James F |
JF |
|
| Wright |
Alan F |
AF |
|
| Zillikens |
M Carola |
M |
|
| Chatterjee |
Nilanjan |
N |
|
| McCarroll |
Steven A |
SA |
|
| Purcell |
Shaun |
S |
|
| Schadt |
Eric E |
EE |
|
| Visscher |
Peter M |
PM |
|
| Assimes |
Themistocles L |
TL |
|
| Borecki |
Ingrid B |
IB |
|
| Deloukas |
Panos |
P |
|
| Fox |
Caroline S |
CS |
|
| Groop |
Leif C |
LC |
|
| Haritunians |
Talin |
T |
|
| Hunter |
David J |
DJ |
|
| Kaplan |
Robert C |
RC |
|
| Mohlke |
Karen L |
KL |
|
| O'Connell |
Jeffrey R |
JR |
|
| Peltonen |
Leena |
L |
|
| Schlessinger |
David |
D |
|
| Strachan |
David P |
DP |
|
| Van Duijn |
Cornelia M |
CM |
|
| Wichmann |
H -Erich |
H- |
|
| Frayling |
Timothy M |
TM |
|
| Thorsteinsdottir |
Unnur |
U |
|
| Abecasis |
Gonçalo R |
GR |
|
| Barroso |
Inês |
I |
|
| Boehnke |
Michael |
M |
|
| Stefansson |
Kari |
K |
|
| North |
Kari E |
KE |
|
| McCarthy |
Mark I |
MI |
|
| Hirschhorn |
Joel N |
JN |
|
| Ingelsson |
Erik |
E |
|
| Loos |
Ruth J F |
RJ |
|
| Dehghan |
Abbas |
A |
|
| Dupuis |
Josée |
J |
|
| Barbalic |
Maja |
M |
|
| Bis |
Joshua C |
JC |
|
| Eiriksdottir |
Gudny |
G |
|
| Lu |
Chen |
C |
|
| Pellikka |
Niina |
N |
|
| Wallaschofski |
Henri |
H |
|
| Kettunen |
Johannes |
J |
|
| Henneman |
Peter |
P |
|
| Baumert |
Jens |
J |
|
| Strachan |
David P |
DP |
|
| Fuchsberger |
Christian |
C |
|
| Vitart |
Veronique |
V |
|
| Wilson |
James F |
JF |
|
| Paré |
Guillaume |
G |
|
| Naitza |
Silvia |
S |
|
| Rudock |
Megan E |
ME |
|
| Surakka |
Ida |
I |
|
| de Geus |
Eco J C |
EJ |
|
| Alizadeh |
Behrooz Z |
BZ |
|
| Guralnik |
Jack |
J |
|
| Shuldiner |
Alan |
A |
|
| Tanaka |
Toshiko |
T |
|
| Zee |
Robert Y L |
RY |
|
| Schnabel |
Renate B |
RB |
|
| Nambi |
Vijay |
V |
|
| Kavousi |
Maryam |
M |
|
| Ripatti |
Samuli |
S |
|
| Nauck |
Matthias |
M |
|
| Smith |
Nicholas L |
NL |
|
| Smith |
Albert V |
AV |
|
| Sundvall |
Jouko |
J |
|
| Scheet |
Paul |
P |
|
| Liu |
Yongmei |
Y |
|
| Ruokonen |
Aimo |
A |
|
| Rose |
Lynda M |
LM |
|
| Larson |
Martin G |
MG |
|
| Hoogeveen |
Ron C |
RC |
|
| Freimer |
Nelson B |
NB |
|
| Teumer |
Alexander |
A |
|
| Tracy |
Russell P |
RP |
|
| Launer |
Lenore J |
LJ |
|
| Buring |
Julie E |
JE |
|
| Yamamoto |
Jennifer F |
JF |
|
| Folsom |
Aaron R |
AR |
|
| Sijbrands |
Eric J G |
EJ |
|
| Pankow |
James |
J |
|
| Elliott |
Paul |
P |
|
| Keaney |
John F |
JF |
|
| Sun |
Wei |
W |
|
| Sarin |
Antti-Pekka |
AP |
|
| Fontes |
João D |
JD |
|
| Badola |
Sunita |
S |
|
| Astor |
Brad C |
BC |
|
| Hofman |
Albert |
A |
|
| Pouta |
Anneli |
A |
|
| Werdan |
Karl |
K |
|
| Greiser |
Karin H |
KH |
|
| Kuss |
Oliver |
O |
|
| Meyer zu Schwabedissen |
Henriette E |
HE |
|
| Thiery |
Joachim |
J |
|
| Jamshidi |
Yalda |
Y |
|
| Nolte |
Ilja M |
IM |
|
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Nicole |
N |
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| Spector |
Timothy D |
TD |
|
| Völzke |
Henry |
H |
|
| Parker |
Alexander N |
AN |
|
| Aspelund |
Thor |
T |
|
| Bates |
David |
D |
|
| Young |
Lauren |
L |
|
| Tsui |
Kim |
K |
|
| Siscovick |
David S |
DS |
|
| Guo |
Xiuqing |
X |
|
| Rotter |
Jerome I |
JI |
|
| Uda |
Manuela |
M |
|
| Schlessinger |
David |
D |
|
| Rudan |
Igor |
I |
|
| Hicks |
Andrew A |
AA |
|
| Penninx |
Brenda W |
BW |
|
| Thorand |
Barbara |
B |
|
| Gieger |
Christian |
C |
|
| Coresh |
Joe |
J |
|
| Willemsen |
Gonneke |
G |
|
| Harris |
Tamara B |
TB |
|
| Uitterlinden |
Andre G |
AG |
|
| Järvelin |
Marjo-Riitta |
MR |
|
| Rice |
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K |
|
| Radke |
Dörte |
D |
|
| Salomaa |
Veikko |
V |
|
| van Dijk |
Ko Willems |
KW |
|
| Boerwinkle |
Eric |
E |
|
| Vasan |
Ramachandran S |
RS |
|
| Ferrucci |
Luigi |
L |
|
| Gibson |
Quince D |
QD |
|
| Bandinelli |
Stefania |
S |
|
| Snieder |
Harold |
H |
|
| Boomsma |
Dorret I |
DI |
|
| Xiao |
Xiangjun |
X |
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Harry |
H |
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Caroline |
C |
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Peter P |
PP |
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Cornelia M |
CM |
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Leena |
L |
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Bruce M |
BM |
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Vilmundur |
V |
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PM |
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Georg |
G |
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W |
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Christie M |
CM |
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| Witteman |
Jacqueline C M |
JC |
|
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Emelia J |
EJ |
|
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Markus |
M |
|
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Daniel I |
DI |
|
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Helena |
H |
|
| Kim |
YunJung |
Y |
|
| Dackor |
Jennifer |
J |
|
| Boerwinkle |
Eric |
E |
|
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Nora |
N |
|
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Diego |
D |
|
| Bernardinelli |
Luisa |
L |
|
| Mannucci |
Pier M |
PM |
|
| Mauri |
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F |
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Piera A |
PA |
|
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Devin |
D |
|
| Assimes |
Themistocles L |
TL |
|
| Fortmann |
Stephen P |
SP |
|
| Iribarren |
Carlos |
C |
|
| Knowles |
Joshua W |
JW |
|
| Quertermous |
Thomas |
T |
|
| Ferrucci |
Luigi |
L |
|
| Tanaka |
Toshiko |
T |
|
| Bis |
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JC |
|
| Furberg |
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CD |
|
| Haritunians |
Talin |
T |
|
| McKnight |
Barbara |
B |
|
| Psaty |
Bruce M |
BM |
|
| Taylor |
Kent D |
KD |
|
| Thacker |
Evan L |
EL |
|
| Almgren |
Peter |
P |
|
| Groop |
Leif |
L |
|
| Ladenvall |
Claes |
C |
|
| Boehnke |
Michael |
M |
|
| Jackson |
Anne U |
AU |
|
| Mohlke |
Karen L |
KL |
|
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Heather M |
HM |
|
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Jaakko |
J |
|
| Benjamin |
Emelia J |
EJ |
|
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Shih-Jen |
SJ |
|
| Levy |
Daniel |
D |
|
| Preis |
Sarah Rosner |
SR |
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Ramachandran S |
RS |
|
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Jubao |
J |
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Pablo V |
PV |
|
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DF |
|
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Alan R |
AR |
|
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Jianxin |
J |
|
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EH |
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JD |
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L |
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S |
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DI |
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TV |
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D |
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D |
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M |
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P |
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S |
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TM |
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JM |
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R |
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G |
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O |
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Christopher J |
CJ |
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V |
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SM |
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BF |
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BW |
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Johannes H |
JH |
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N |
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Dorret I |
DI |
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Eco J C |
EJ |
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Jacqueline M |
JM |
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Gonneke |
G |
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Stephen J |
SJ |
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F |
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Susan E |
SE |
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David J |
DJ |
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A |
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H |
|
| Uitterlinden |
Andre G |
AG |
|
| van Duijn |
Cornelia M |
CM |
|
| Walter |
Stefan |
S |
|
| Chasman |
Daniel I |
DI |
|
| Everett |
Brendan M |
BM |
|
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Guillaume |
G |
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Paul M |
PM |
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Ming D |
MD |
|
| Maes |
Hermine H |
HH |
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Janet |
J |
|
| Posthuma |
Danielle |
D |
|
| Thornton |
Laura M |
LM |
|
| Lerman |
Caryn |
C |
|
| Kaprio |
Jaakko |
J |
|
| Rose |
Jed E |
JE |
|
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John P A |
JP |
|
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Peter |
P |
|
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Dan-Yu |
DY |
|
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Patrick F |
PF |
|
|
| JOURNAL |
|
| VOLUME: 9 |
| ISSUE: 10 |
| TITLE: PLoS genetics |
| ISOABBREVIATION: PLoS Genet |
| YEAR: 2013 |
| MONTH: Oct |
| DAY: |
| MEDLINEDATE: |
| SEASON: |
| CITEDMEDIUM: Internet |
| ISSN: 1553-7404 |
| ISSNTYPE: Electronic |
|
| MEDLINE JOURNAL |
|
| MEDLINETA: PLoS Genet |
| COUNTRY: United States |
| ISSNLINKING: 1553-7390 |
| NLMUNIQUEID: 101239074 |
|
| PUBLICATION TYPE |
|
| PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT |
| Journal Article |
| Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
| Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
|
| COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS |
|
| REFTYPE |
REFSOURCE |
REFPMID |
NOTE |
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|
|
| GRANTS |
|
| GRANTID |
AGENCY |
COUNTRY |
| DA019951 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA007535 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| AA13320 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA007728 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| 092731 |
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
| AA13321 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| AA17688 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| MC_UU_12013/1 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
|
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
| R37 AA007728 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| AA07535 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| MC_UU_12013/5 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
| AA13326 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA014041 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| K05 AA017688 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| MC_UU_12013/3 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
| G1000758 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
| P50 AA011998 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA013326 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| MR/J012165/1 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
| R56 DA012854 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| DA012854 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| R01 AA013321 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| 085515 |
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
| AA07728 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| 090532 |
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
| AA11998 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| MC_UU_12013/4 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
| 076467 |
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
| R01 DA012854 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| 095515 |
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
| G0600717 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
| K08 DA019951 |
NIDA NIH HHS |
United States |
| AA14041 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
| 083431MA |
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
| G9815508 |
Medical Research Council |
United Kingdom |
| R01 AA013320 |
NIAAA NIH HHS |
United States |
|
| GENERAL NOTE |
|
|
| KEYWORDS |
|
|
| MESH HEADINGS |
|
| DESCRIPTORNAME |
QUALIFIERNAME |
| Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport |
genetics |
| Alleles |
genetics |
| C-Reactive Protein |
genetics |
| Genetic Diseases, Inborn |
genetics |
| Genetic Predisposition to Disease |
genetics |
| Genome, Human |
genetics |
| Genome-Wide Association Study |
genetics |
| Genotype |
genetics |
| Humans |
genetics |
| Longitudinal Studies |
genetics |
| Phenotype |
genetics |
| Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide |
genetics |
|
| SUPPLEMENTARY MESH |
|
|
| GENE SYMBOLS |
|
|
| CHEMICALS |
|
| REGISTRYNUMBER |
NAMEOFSUBSTANCE |
| 0 |
Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport |
| 160124-07-2 |
COG2 protein, human |
| 9007-41-4 |
C-Reactive Protein |
|
| OTHER ID's |
|
|
|
