Genetic Epidemiology, Translational Neurogenomics, Psychiatric Genetics and Statistical Genetics Laboratories investigate the pattern of disease in families, particularly identical and non-identical twins, to assess the relative importance of genes and environment in a variety of important health problems.
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PMID
19357710
TITLE
A population-based study of Australian twins with melanoma suggests a strong genetic contribution to liability.
ABSTRACT
Melanoma runs within families, but this may be due to either shared genetic or shared environmental influences within those families. The concordance between pairs of non-identical twins compared to that between identical twins can be used to determine whether familial aggregation is due to genetic or environmental factors. Mandatory reporting of melanoma cases in the state of Queensland yielded approximately 12,000 cases between 1982 and 1990. Twins in this study and from the adjacent state of New South Wales (125 pairs in total) were used to partition variation in liability to melanoma into genetic and environmental factors. Identical twins were more concordant for melanoma (4 of 27 pairs) than non-identical twins (3 of 98 pairs; P-value approximately 0.04). Identical co-twins of affected individuals were 9.8 times more likely to be affected than by chance. However, non-identical co-twins of affected individuals were only 1.8 times more likely to be affected than by chance. An MZ:DZ recurrence risk ratio of 5.6 suggests that some of the genetic influences on melanoma are due to epistatic (gene-gene) interactions. Using these data and population prevalences, it was estimated that 55% of the variation in liability to melanoma is due to genetic influences.
DATE PUBLISHED
2009 Sep
HISTORY
PUBSTATUS PUBSTATUSDATE
entrez 2009/04/10 09:00
pubmed 2009/04/10 09:00
medline 2009/10/23 06:00
AUTHORS
NAME COLLECTIVENAME LASTNAME FORENAME INITIALS AFFILIATION AFFILIATIONINFO
Shekar SN Shekar Sri N SN Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Duffy DL Duffy David L DL
Youl P Youl Philippa P
Baxter AJ Baxter Amanda J AJ
Kvaskoff M Kvaskoff Marina M
Whiteman DC Whiteman David C DC
Green AC Green Adèle C AC
Hughes MC Hughes Maria C MC
Hayward NK Hayward Nicholas K NK
Coates M Coates Marylon M
Martin NG Martin Nicholas G NG
INVESTIGATORS
JOURNAL
VOLUME: 129
ISSUE: 9
TITLE: The Journal of investigative dermatology
ISOABBREVIATION: J Invest Dermatol
YEAR: 2009
MONTH: Sep
DAY:
MEDLINEDATE:
SEASON:
CITEDMEDIUM: Internet
ISSN: 1523-1747
ISSNTYPE: Electronic
MEDLINE JOURNAL
MEDLINETA: J Invest Dermatol
COUNTRY: United States
ISSNLINKING: 0022-202X
NLMUNIQUEID: 0426720
PUBLICATION TYPE
PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS
REFTYPE REFSOURCE REFPMID NOTE
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GRANTS
GRANTID AGENCY COUNTRY
R01 CA088363 NCI NIH HHS United States
CA88363 NCI NIH HHS United States
GENERAL NOTE
KEYWORDS
MESH HEADINGS
DESCRIPTORNAME QUALIFIERNAME
Adult
Aged
Australia
Diseases in Twins
Environment
Epistasis, Genetic
Female
Humans
Logistic Models
Male
Melanoma genetics
Middle Aged genetics
Risk Factors genetics
Skin Neoplasms genetics
SUPPLEMENTARY MESH
GENE SYMBOLS
CHEMICALS
OTHER ID's
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