Genetic Epidemiology, Translational Neurogenomics, Psychiatric Genetics and Statistical Genetics Laboratories investigate the pattern of disease in families, particularly identical and non-identical twins, to assess the relative importance of genes and environment in a variety of important health problems.
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PMID
18454194
TITLE
Data and theory point to mainly additive genetic variance for complex traits.
ABSTRACT
The relative proportion of additive and non-additive variation for complex traits is important in evolutionary biology, medicine, and agriculture. We address a long-standing controversy and paradox about the contribution of non-additive genetic variation, namely that knowledge about biological pathways and gene networks imply that epistasis is important. Yet empirical data across a range of traits and species imply that most genetic variance is additive. We evaluate the evidence from empirical studies of genetic variance components and find that additive variance typically accounts for over half, and often close to 100%, of the total genetic variance. We present new theoretical results, based upon the distribution of allele frequencies under neutral and other population genetic models, that show why this is the case even if there are non-additive effects at the level of gene action. We conclude that interactions at the level of genes are not likely to generate much interaction at the level of variance.
DATE PUBLISHED
2008 Feb
HISTORY
PUBSTATUS PUBSTATUSDATE
received 2007/10/03
accepted 2008/01/23
pubmed 2008/05/06 09:00
medline 2008/06/14 09:00
entrez 2008/05/06 09:00
AUTHORS
NAME COLLECTIVENAME LASTNAME FORENAME INITIALS AFFILIATION AFFILIATIONINFO
Hill WG Hill William G WG Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. w.g.hill@ed.ac.uk
Goddard ME Goddard Michael E ME
Visscher PM Visscher Peter M PM
INVESTIGATORS
JOURNAL
VOLUME: 4
ISSUE: 2
TITLE: PLoS genetics
ISOABBREVIATION: PLoS Genet.
YEAR: 2008
MONTH: Feb
DAY:
MEDLINEDATE:
SEASON:
CITEDMEDIUM: Internet
ISSN: 1553-7404
ISSNTYPE: Electronic
MEDLINE JOURNAL
MEDLINETA: PLoS Genet
COUNTRY: United States
ISSNLINKING: 1553-7390
NLMUNIQUEID: 101239074
PUBLICATION TYPE
PUBLICATIONTYPE TEXT
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS
REFTYPE REFSOURCE REFPMID NOTE
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GRANTS
GRANTID AGENCY COUNTRY
Medical Research Council United Kingdom
GENERAL NOTE
KEYWORDS
MESH HEADINGS
DESCRIPTORNAME QUALIFIERNAME
Alleles
Animals
Animals, Domestic genetics
Animals, Laboratory genetics
Epistasis, Genetic genetics
Gene Frequency genetics
Genes, Dominant genetics
Genetic Variation genetics
Genetics, Population genetics
Humans genetics
Models, Genetic genetics
Phenotype genetics
Quantitative Trait Loci genetics
Twin Studies as Topic genetics
SUPPLEMENTARY MESH
GENE SYMBOLS
CHEMICALS
OTHER ID's
OTHERID SOURCE
PMC2265475 NLM
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